ArticleHeart and vessels2021
Relationship between electrical gaps after Maze procedure and atrial tachyarrhythmias and ablation outcomes after cardiac surgery and concomitant Maze procedure.
Article in Heart and vessels, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delayed reconnection of the posterior wall inferior line after biatrial Cox-Maze IV despite previously confirmed bidirectional block.HeartRhythm case reports · 2026Article
- Visualizing the critical isthmus of complex atrial tachycardia using a novel mapping technology of peak frequency duplicate - Initial clinical experience in 2 case reports.HeartRhythm case reports · 2024Article
- Outcomes and residual gap analysis after the modified cryomaze procedure performed via right minithoracotomy versus sternotomy.JTCVS open · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atrial tachycardia (AT) and atrial fibrillation (AF) commonly occur after cardiac surgeries (CSs). This study investigated the mechanisms and long-term outcomes of AT and AF ablation after various Maze procedures, particularly whether atrial tachyarrhythmias after the Maze procedure occur due to gaps in the Maze lines. We analyzed 37 consecutive cases with atrial tachyarrhythmias after the Maze procedures and concomitant CSs between 2007 and 2019. Fifty-nine atrial tachyarrhythmias were induced in 37 consecutive cases, and 49 of those atrial tachyarrhythmias were mappable ATs. Forty ATs were related to the Maze procedures in the 49 mappable ATs (81.6%). All 37 consecutive cases had residual electrical conductions (gaps) in the Maze lines (88 gaps; 2.4 ± 1.2 gaps/patient). Forty of 88 gaps (45.5%) were associated with gap-related ATs. The common ATs in this study were 1. peri-mitral atrial flutter due to gaps at pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) line to mitral valve annulus (MVA) (20 cases), and 2. peri-tricuspid atrial flutter due to gaps at right atrial incision to the tricuspid valve annulus (TVA) (10 cases). Forty-seven of 49 ATs (95.9%) were successfully ablated at the first session, and there were no complications. The mean follow-up period after ablation was 3.6 ± 3.2 (median, 2.1; interquartile range, 0.89-6.84) years. The Kaplan-Meier analysis of freedom from recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias after Maze procedure was 82.7% at 1-year follow-up and 75.5% at 4-year follow-up after a single procedure. Reentry was the main mechanism of ATs after Maze procedures and concomitant CSs, and ATs were largely related to the gaps on the Maze lines between the PVI line and the MVA or those on the lines between right atrial incision to the TVA. Long-term follow-up data suggest that catheter ablation of atrial tachyarrhythmias after various Maze procedures is effective and safe.
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