ArticleBritish journal of sports medicine2021
Hydration and cooling in elite athletes: relationship with performance, body mass loss and body temperatures during the Doha 2019 IAAF World Athletics Championships.
Article in British journal of sports medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Core Body Temperatures in Intermittent Sports: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Pooled it
- Performance effects of internal pre- and per-cooling across different exercise and environmental conditions: A systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of pre-exercise glycerol supplementation on dehydration, metabolic, kinematic, and thermographic variables in international race walkers.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Trial
- Effects of ice slurry ingestion on body temperature and softball pitching performance in a hot environment: a randomized crossover trial.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2023Trial
- Hitting the Wall in Marathon Running: An Integrative Psychophysiological and Durability-Based Review.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Review
- Observational
- Physiological Demands and Contributors to Variance of Core Temperature in 162 Recreational Runners during Distance Running in a Warm-Humid Environment.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026Article
- The 2026 Men's FIFA Football World Cup: Evidence-Based Guidelines to Protect Player Health and Performance from Environmental Challenges.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- One Step Further: Integrating Evidence-Based Guidelines into Practice to Address Environmental Challenges at the Men's 2026 FIFA World Cup.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Thermoregulation and Hydration Dynamics in a 160-km Ultra-Endurance Race in a Tropical Environment: A Field Study on 80 Runners.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- The association between ambient temperature and elite racewalking performance in the olympics and world championships.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Customizing individual heat mitigation strategies to optimize performance in elite athletes.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Validation of upper thermal thresholds for outdoor sports using thermal physiology modelling.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2024Article
- Pre-, Per- and post-cooling strategies used by competitive tennis players in hot dry and hot humid conditions.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Precooling via immersion in COTemperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2024Article
- Myotendinous Thermoregulation in National Level Sprinters after a Unilateral Fatigue Acute Bout-A Descriptive Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Core body temperature responses during competitive sporting events: A narrative review.Biology of sport · 2023Review
- Effect of Hydration on Pulmonary Function and Development of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction among Professional Male Cyclists.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2023Article
- Thermoregulatory responses during road races in hot-humid conditions at the 2019 Athletics World Championships.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- IOC consensus statement on recommendations and regulations for sport events in the heat.British journal of sports medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 8 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo characterise hydration, cooling, body mass loss, and core (T
methodsMarathon and race-walk (20 km and 50 km) athletes (n=83, 36 women) completed a pre-race questionnaire. Pre-race and post-race body weight (n=74), T
resultsMost athletes (93%) had a pre-planned drinking strategy (electrolytes (83%), carbohydrates (81%)) while ice slurry was less common (11%; p<0.001). More men than women relied on electrolytes and carbohydrates (91%-93% vs 67%-72%, p≤0.029). Drinking strategies were based on personal experience (91%) rather than external sources (p<0.001). Most athletes (80%) planned pre-cooling (ice vests (53%), cold towels (45%), neck collars (21%) and ice slurry (21%)) and/or mid-cooling (93%; head/face dousing (65%) and cold water ingestion (52%)). Menthol usage was negligible (1%-2%). Pre-race T
conclusionMost athletes' hydration strategies were pre-planned based on personal experience. Ice vests were the most adopted pre-cooling strategy and the only one minimising T
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.