Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33579359›Full record

ArticleAddiction science & clinical practice2021

Comparing rapid micro-induction and standard induction of buprenorphine/naloxone for treatment of opioid use disorder: protocol for an open-label, parallel-group, superiority, randomized controlled trial.

James S H Wong, Mohammadali Nikoo, Jean N Westenberg, Janet G Suen, Jennifer Y C Wong, Reinhard M Krausz, Christian G Schütz, Marc Vogel, Jesse A Sidhu, Jessica Moe and 4 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Addiction science & clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04234191 phase2unknown statusnot on this map

Comparing Rapid Micro-Induction and Standard Induction of Buprenorphine/Naloxone for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of British ColumbiaRan2021 to 2025Enrolled50ConditionsOpioid Use DisorderArmsBuprenorphine/naloxone, Hydromorphone
NCT06089707 phase3active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Behavioral Pharmacological Examination of a Novel Buprenorphine Induction Method Among Individuals Who Use Fentanyl

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Maryland, BaltimoreRan2024 to 2030Enrolled3ConditionsOpioid Use DisorderArmsNaloxone Nasal Spray
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. High-dose buprenorphine inductions in hospital settings.American journal of medicine open · 2025
    Article
  4. Emergency department management of opioid use disorder in pediatric patients.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Low-Dose Initiation of Buprenorphine: A Narrative Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2023
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

James S H WongAddictions and Concurrent Disorders Research Group, Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 430-5950, David Strangway Building, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada. james.wong@ubc.ca.
Mohammadali NikooAddictions and Concurrent Disorders Research Group, Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 430-5950, David Strangway Building, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Jean N WestenbergAddictions and Concurrent Disorders Research Group, Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 430-5950, David Strangway Building, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Janet G SuenAddictions and Concurrent Disorders Research Group, Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 430-5950, David Strangway Building, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Jennifer Y C WongAddictions and Concurrent Disorders Research Group, Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 430-5950, David Strangway Building, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Reinhard M KrauszAddictions and Concurrent Disorders Research Group, Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 430-5950, David Strangway Building, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Christian G SchützBehavioral Reward Affect + Impulsivity Neuroscience Lab, Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Marc VogelDivision of Addictive Disorders, University of Basel Psychiatric Hospital, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
Jesse A SidhuDepartment of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia & Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Jessica MoeDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia & Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Shane ArishenkoffDepartment of Medicine, University of British Columbia & Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Donald GriesdaleDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia & Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Nickie Mathew *Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia & Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Pouya Azar *Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia & Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
University of British Columbia · CAVancouver General Hospital · CAUniversity of Basel · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBuprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone) is a current first-line treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). The standard induction method of buprenorphine/naloxone requires patients to be abstinent from opioids and therefore experience withdrawal symptoms prior to induction, which can be a barrier in starting treatment. Rapid micro-induction (micro-dosing) involves the administration of small, frequent does of buprenorphine/naloxone and removes the need for a period of withdrawal prior to the start of treatment. This study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of rapid micro-induction versus standard induction of buprenorphine/naloxone in patients with OUD.

methodsThis is a randomized, open-label, two-arm, superiority, controlled trial comparing the safety and effectiveness of rapid micro-induction versus standard induction of buprenorphine/naloxone for the treatment of OUD. A total of 50 participants with OUD will be randomized at one Canadian hospital. The primary outcome is the completion of buprenorphine/naloxone induction with low levels of withdrawal. Secondary outcomes are treatment retention, illicit drug use, self-reported drug use behaviour, craving, pain, physical health, safety, and client satisfaction. DISCUSSION: This is the first randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness and safety of rapid micro-induction versus standard induction of buprenorphine/naloxone. This study will thereby generate evidence for a novel induction method which eliminates substantial barriers to the use of buprenorphine/naloxone in the midst of the ongoing opioid crisis. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04234191; date of registration: January 21, 2020; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04234191.

Indexed as

AdultBritish ColumbiaBuprenorphine, Naloxone Drug CombinationEquivalence Trials as TopicFemaleHumansHydromorphoneMaleOpiate Substitution TreatmentOpioid-Related DisordersRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch DesignSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeBuprenorphine, Naloxone Drug CombinationHydromorphoneBuprenorphine/naloxoneMicrodosingMicro-inductionOpioid agonist treatmentOpioid use disorderSuboxone

Identifiers

PMID33579359
PMCPMC7881636
OpenAlexW3128785876

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.