ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021
Impact of nicotine and maternal BMI on fetal birth weight.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Joint Associations of Maternal Smoking and Pre-Pregnancy BMI with Term Low Birthweight and Small-for-Gestational-Age Births: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2024 United States Birth Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- The Impact of Maternal/In Utero Exposure of Novel Tobacco Products on the Offspring Cardiovascular Health.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Review
- Saturation effects of pre-pregnancy BMI on infant birth weight in Jiangxi Province, China: a retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Adverse Effects of Nicotine on Human Sperm Nuclear Proteins.The world journal of men's health · 2025Review
- Examining variation within Hispanic ethnicity: An intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) of birthweight inequities in New York City, 2012-2019.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Associations of excessive gestational weight gain with changes in components of maternal reverse cholesterol transport and neonatal outcomes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Retrospective Observational Study on Post-Pandemic Effects of Endogenous and Exogenous Factors on Prematurity in Pregnant Women Under 18 Years of Age.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pregnancy and placental outcomes according to maternal BMI in women with preeclampsia: a retrospective cohort study.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Article
- Birthweight trends and their explanatory factors in Hungary between 1999 and 2018: an analysis of the Hungarian Tauffer registry.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- Relation between socioeconomic status and maternal serum lipids to infant lipid concentrations and anthropometry in the first year of life.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Article
- Effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Cholesterol Metabolism in Women with High-Risk Pregnancies: Possible Implications for Neonatal Outcome.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Maternal tobacco smoking and offspring autism spectrum disorder or traits in ECHO cohorts.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022Article
- Linoleic acid and linoleate diols in neonatal cord blood influence birth weight.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Association between Tobacco Use and Low-birth-weight Babies among Women of Prime Childbearing Age Group (20-34 years) in India: A Secondary Data Analysis of National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-2021).Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAccording to the World Health Organization, smoking is the most important risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes in industrialized nations. As the individual factors (body mass index - BMI (kg/m
methodsData from 110.047 singleton pregnancies, achieved from the German Perinatal Survey in Schleswig-Holstein and registered between 2010 and 2017 were analyzed in August 2018 concerning maternal BMI and smoking. The BMI was taken from the maternity log. Information concerning the smoking status were self-reported and further subdivided into the following four categories: a) non-smokers; b) 1-7 cigarettes/day; c) 8-14 cigarettes/ day; and d) ≥ 15 cigarettes/ day. Furthermore, we classified women by their BMI into underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. Comparisons between non-smokers and the respective smoking group, and their relationship with maternal BMI were performed by the t-test (birth weight). A P-value ≤0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
resultsA number of 97.092 women (88.2%) were non-smokers and 12.955 (11.8%) were smokers. Furthermore 10.3% of women of normal weight smoked during pregnancy, but both high and low BMI were associated with a high prevalence of smoking. The proportion of smokers was highest (18.1%) among underweight women (BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m
conclusionBoth maternal BMI and smoking during pregnancy influences the birth weight and therefore pregnancy outcome. Smoking during pregnancy was significantly associated with low birth weight. Pregnant women should be advised to cease or at least reduce smoking in order to improve the birth weight of the newborn and to minimize child morbidities.
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