ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Defining Attachment and Bonding: Overlaps, Differences and Implications for Music Therapy Clinical Practice and Research in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Role of Attachment in Gambling Behaviors and Gambling Disorder: A Systematic Review.Journal of gambling studies · 2023Pooled it
- Attachment- and Relationship-Based Interventions during NICU Hospitalization for Families with Preterm/Low-Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review of RCT Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Maternal Anxiety, Infant Stress, and the Role of Live-Performed Music Therapy during NICU Stay in The Netherlands.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Latent profiles and associated factors of mother-infant bonding among mothers of preterm infants: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Review
- The lived experiences of South African parents during high-risk pregnancy and prolonged neonatal intensive care unit admission.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- The Impact of Mothers' Perceptions of Partners' Emotional Distress on Mother-Infant Bonding: Mediating Effects of Maternal Depression and Anxiety.Maternal and child health journal · 2026Article
- Timing of First Cuddling After Preterm Birth Improved Over Five Decades, While Delays Were Linked to Negative Maternal Experiences.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- The Fifth Vital Sign in the First 1000 Days: Early Relational Health.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Effects of a virtual supportive program on the knowledge of mothers of preterm infants and their bonding.Infant mental health journal · 2025Article
- Music Therapy with Preterm Infants During Kangaroo Care: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study on Physiological and Electroencephalographic Parameters and Parental Perspectives.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Postpartum maternal bonding scale: Development and validation in a low- and middle- income country setting.PloS one · 2025Article
- Integrative mindfulness-based infant parenting program: theoretical foundations and a novel intervention protocol.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Review
- The role of breastfeeding and formula feeding regarding depressive symptoms and an impaired mother child bonding.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Six weeks that changed the preterm infant brain: lessons learned from the Family Nurture Intervention randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Review
- Early stress during NICU stay and parent-reported health-related quality of life after extremely preterm birth: an exploratory study with possible targets for early intervention.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Enhancing early bonding between mothers and preterm infants: findings from a Multicentre Qualitative Study of Nurses.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2024Article
- The effect of live-performed music therapy with physical contact in preterm infants on parental perceived stress and salivary cortisol levels.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Oxytocin as a physiological correlate of dyadic music therapy relationships - a randomized crossover pilot study.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Preterm birth and the subsequent hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a challenging life event for parents and babies. Stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, limitations in holding or touching the baby, and medical complications during the NICU stay can negatively affect parental mental health. This can threaten the developing parent-infant relationship and might adversely impact child development. Music therapy in the NICU is an internationally growing field of clinical practice and research and is increasingly applied to promote relationship building between parents and babies. The two most commonly used concepts describing the early parent-infant relationship are 'attachment' and 'bonding'. While frequently used interchangeably in the literature, they are actually not the same and describe distinctive processes of the early relationship formation. Thus, it is important to discuss the overlaps and differences between attachment and bonding and the implications for music therapy clinical practice and research. Whereas providing examples and possible scenarios for music therapists working on either bonding or attachment, the distinction between both concepts is relevant for many health care professionals concerned with early parenting interventions in the NICU. This will hopefully lead to a more precise use of theory, and ultimately, to a more informed clinical practice and research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.