ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
The Immunology of Syncytialized Trophoblast.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hippo signaling regulates spontaneous human trophoblast syncytialization in three-dimensional cultures.Molecular human reproduction · 2026Article
- Dissecting placental host-pathogen interactions: Rift Valley fever virus infection in early human trophoblast stem cells.iScience · 2026Article
- Insights into the maternal-fetal interface from spatial multi-omics.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Maternal health status is associated with paired maternal and cord blood virome and mother-to-infant transmission.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Two classes of syncytiotrophoblast nuclei form following BAP-driven human pluripotent stem cell differentiation.Placenta · 2025Article
- Immune Dysregulation and Trophoblastic Dysfunction as a Potential Cause of Idiopathic Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.Biology · 2025Article
- Development of apical out trophoblast stem cell derived organoids to model early human pregnancy.iScience · 2025Article
- The placental battlefield: viral strategies and immune countermeasures.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Establishment and comparison of human term placenta-derived trophoblast cells†.Biology of reproduction · 2024Article
- Nuclear Binding Protein 2/Nesfatin-1 Affects Trophoblast Cell Fusion during Placental Development via the EGFR-PLCG1-CAMK4 Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Controlling Trophoblast Cell Fusion in the Human Placenta-Transcriptional Regulation of Suppressyn, an Endogenous Inhibitor of Syncytin-1.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- A Framework for Understanding Maternal Immunity.Immunology and allergy clinics of North America · 2023Review
- Effects of N Acetylcysteine on the Expression of Genes Associated with Reproductive Performance in the Goat Uterus during Early Gestation.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Article
- Single Nucleus RNA Sequence (snRNAseq) Analysis of the Spectrum of Trophoblast Lineages Generated From Human Pluripotent Stem CellsFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Multinucleate syncytialized trophoblast is found in three forms in the human placenta. In the earliest stages of pregnancy, it is seen at the invasive leading edge of the implanting embryo and has been called primitive trophoblast. In later pregnancy, it is represented by the immense, multinucleated layer covering the surface of placental villi and by the trophoblast giant cells found deep within the uterine decidua and myometrium. These syncytia interact with local and/or systemic maternal immune effector cells in a fine balance that allows for invasion and persistence of allogeneic cells in a mother who must retain immunocompetence for 40 weeks of pregnancy. Maternal immune interactions with syncytialized trophoblast require tightly regulated mechanisms that may differ depending on the location of fetal cells and their invasiveness, the nature of the surrounding immune effector cells and the gestational age of the pregnancy. Some specifically reflect the unique mechanisms involved in trophoblast cell-cell fusion (aka syncytialization). Here we will review and summarize several of the mechanisms that support healthy maternal-fetal immune interactions specifically at syncytiotrophoblast interfaces.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.