ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Sex Difference in the Association between Electronic Cigarette Use and Subsequent Cigarette Smoking among U.S. Adolescents: Findings from the PATH Study Waves 1-4.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electronic cigarettes and subsequent cigarette smoking in young people: A systematic review.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between e-cigarette use among non-tobacco users and initiating smoking of combustible cigarettes.Harm reduction journal · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and Mental Health Correlates of Electronic Cigarette Use Among Pediatric Primary Care Patients.Clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between adolescent vaping and physical and mental health problems.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Religiosity, school connectedness, and tobacco use susceptibility: a longitudinal study of adolescents in Mumbai and Kolkata, India.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Cannabis Use and Subsequent Cigarette Discontinuation Among U.S. Adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, Waves 1-5.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Associations of sexual orientation and state-level antidiscrimination policy protections with alcohol, tobacco, and mental health outcomes in a U.S. sample of adolescents and adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Transient nicotine exposure in early adolescent male mice freezes their dopamine circuits in an immature state.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Nicotine pouch marketing strategies in the USA: an analysis of Zyn, On! and Velo.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- School climate and school identification as determinants of smoking conventional cigarettes or vaping among adolescents in China: Stress-coping mediation mechanisms.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Sex Differences in E-Cigarette Use and Related Health Effects.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Consequences of adolescent drug use.Translational psychiatry · 2023Review
- The Short-Term and Long-Term Associations Between Receiving Tobacco Discounts or Coupons and Smoking Cessation Among U.S. Adult Cigarette Smokers With Intention to Quit.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Birth Outcomes Associated With E-Cigarette and Non-E-Cigarette Tobacco Product Use During Pregnancy: An Examination of PATH Data Waves 1-5.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Predictors of E-cigarette and Cigarette Use Trajectory Classes from Early Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood Across Four Years (2013-2017) of the PATH Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements and non-advertising content in relation to use behaviors and perceptions among US and Israeli adults.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2023Article
- Bidirectional associations between depressive symptoms and cigarette, e-cigarette, cannabis, and alcohol use: Cross-lagged panel analyses among young adults before and during COVID-19.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
- Association of e-Cigarette Advertising, Parental Influence, and Peer Influence With US Adolescent e-Cigarette Use.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Consumption of JUUL vs. Other E-Cigarette Brands among U.S. E-Cigarette Users: Evidence from Wave 5 of the PATH Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Longitudinal associations between e-cigarette use and onset of multiple modes of cannabis use among US adolescents.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
E-cigarettes are the most-used tobacco products among U.S. adolescents. Emerging evidence suggests that adolescents using e-cigarettes are at elevated risk for initiating cigarette smoking. However, whether this risk may differ by sex remains unknown. This study analyzed data from Wave 1 to 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a nationally representative longitudinal survey. Generalized estimation equations (GEE) were performed to estimate the associations between baseline e-cigarette use and subsequent cigarette smoking, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, mental health conditions, and other tobacco use. Effect modifications by sex were examined. Multivariate analyses showed that, among baseline never cigarette smokers, past-30-day e-cigarette use at baseline waves was significantly associated with past-30-day cigarette smoking at follow-up waves (aOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 2.51-6.08). This association was significantly stronger for boys (aOR = 6.17, 95% CI: 2.43-15.68) than for girls (aOR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.14-8.33). Additionally, using other tobacco products, older age, and having severe externalizing mental health problems at baseline were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of cigarette smoking at follow-up. The prospective association between e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking differs by sex among U.S. adolescents. Sex-specific tobacco control interventions may be warranted to curb the youth tobacco use epidemic.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.