ReviewVox sanguinis2021
ABO blood group and COVID-19: a review on behalf of the ISBT COVID-19 Working Group.
Review in Vox sanguinis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- ABO blood group and risk of COVID-19 infection and complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Transfusion · 2022Pooled it
- Association between ABO blood groups and clinical manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19: a retrospective cross-sectional study in southeast Iran.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Whole-Exome Sequencing Reveals Rare Genetic Variants in Saudi COVID-19 Patients with Extreme Phenotypes.Viruses · 2025Article
- Carbohydrate-active enzymes from Akkermansia muciniphila break down mucin O-glycans to completion.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Is a Coronary Artery Disease Risk Equivalent and Exhibits a Genetic Interaction With ABO Blood Type.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Article
- Monitoring of Immune Memory by Phenotypical Lymphocyte Subsets Identikit: An Observational Study in a Blood Donors' Cohort.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Investigating ABO Blood Groups and Secretor Status in Relation to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Severity.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Association Between Rhesus and ABO Blood Group Types and Their Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Multi-Center Investigation.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Epigenetic perspectives associated with COVID-19 infection and related cytokine storm: an updated review.Infection · 2023Review
- Genetic examination of hematological parameters in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19.Blood cells, molecules & diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Coronavirus infection and ABO blood grouping: Correlation or coincidence?Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Association between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection in blood donors of Puglia region.Annals of hematology · 2023Observational
- ABO blood group and rhesus factor association with inpatient COVID-19 mortality and severity: a two-year retrospective review.Blood research · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Severe-Critical COVID-19 in Pregnant Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Predictive value of ferritin, glucose, urea, and creatinine for COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients from Asir, Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Epidemiological situation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Douala, the most populated and highly heterogeneous town of Cameroon: a post-vaccination update.Acta tropica · 2023Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 20 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that ABO blood group may play a role in the immunopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with group O individuals less likely to test positive and group A conferring a higher susceptibility to infection and propensity to severe disease. The level of evidence supporting an association between ABO type and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 ranges from small observational studies, to genome-wide-association-analyses and country-level meta-regression analyses. ABO blood group antigens are oligosaccharides expressed on red cells and other tissues (notably endothelium). There are several hypotheses to explain the differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection by ABO type. For example, anti-A and/or anti-B antibodies (e.g. present in group O individuals) could bind to corresponding antigens on the viral envelope and contribute to viral neutralization, thereby preventing target cell infection. The SARS-CoV-2 virus and SARS-CoV spike (S) proteins may be bound by anti-A isoagglutinins (e.g. present in group O and group B individuals), which may block interactions between virus and angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2-receptor, thereby preventing entry into lung epithelial cells. ABO type-associated variations in angiotensin-converting enzyme-1 activity and levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII could also influence adverse outcomes, notably in group A individuals who express high VWF levels. In conclusion, group O may be associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and group A may be associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection along with severe disease. However, prospective and mechanistic studies are needed to verify several of the proposed associations. Based on the strength of available studies, there are insufficient data for guiding policy in this regard.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.