ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2021
SARS-CoV-2 infection and viral load are associated with the upper respiratory tract microbiome.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05134766 (Retrospective Evaluation of Clinical, Virological and Serological Data in Patients With Mild Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections), which is not on this map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Retrospective Evaluation of Clinical, Virological and Serological Data in Patients With Mild Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of intranasally-administered detoxified LTh(αK) in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase 2 study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Trial
- Pharmacokinetic-based failure of a detergent virucidal for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nasal infections: A preclinical study and randomized controlled trial.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2022Trial
- Exploratory integrative analysis of infant gut microbiome and metabolome suggests diet- and microbiome-derived metabolites associated with childhood asthma.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- SARS‑CoV‑2 Associated Shifts in the Upper Respiratory Tract Mycobiome in Non-hospitalized Cases.Mycopathologia · 2026Article
- Dual-transcriptomic analysis of human nasal transcriptome and microbiome reveals host-bacteria associations in symptomatic respiratory infection.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Oropharyngeal Microbiota Associated with Sore Throat in Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Differentiating Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) from Acute COVID-19 Using Biomarkers: Toward a Practical Clinical Scoring Model.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Article
- Nasopharyngeal and oral microbiota profiling in SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Is COVID-19 Associated With an Increased Risk of Subsequent Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Adults? A Prospective Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Nasopharyngeal microbiome composition by SARS-CoV-2 presence and severity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 Variant Infection on the Nasopharyngeal Commensal Bacterial Microbiome of Individuals from the Brazilian Amazon.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Meta-transcriptomics Reveals Dysbiosis of the Respiratory Microbiome in Older Adults with Long COVID.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- E-Cigarette Use, Cigarette Smoking, and Sex Are Associated With Nasal Microbiome Dysbiosis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Article
- High abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the naso-oropharynx of SARS-CoV-2-infected persons in an African population: implications for low disease severity.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Exploring nasopharyngeal microbiota profile in children affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- The relationship between the intestinal microbiome and body mass index in children with cystic fibrosis.Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society · 2024Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the relationships between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the respiratory virus responsible for the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiome.
objectiveWe sought to compare the URT microbiome between SARS-CoV-2-infected and -uninfected adults and to examine the association of SARS-CoV-2 viral load with the URT microbiome during COVID-19.
methodsWe characterized the URT microbiome using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing in 59 adults (38 with confirmed, symptomatic, mild to moderate COVID-19 and 21 asymptomatic, uninfected controls). In those with COVID-19, we measured SARS-CoV-2 viral load using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. We then examined the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and its viral load with the ⍺-diversity, β-diversity, and abundance of bacterial taxa of the URT microbiome. Our main models were all adjusted for age and sex.
resultsThe observed species index was significantly higher in SARS-CoV-2-infected than in -uninfected adults (β linear regression coefficient = 7.53; 95% CI, 0.17-14.89; P = .045). In differential abundance testing, 9 amplicon sequence variants were significantly different in both of our comparisons, with Peptoniphilus lacrimalis, Campylobacter hominis, Prevotella 9 copri, and an Anaerococcus unclassified amplicon sequence variant being more abundant in those with SARS-CoV-2 infection and in those with high viral load during COVID-19, whereas Corynebacterium unclassified, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Prevotella disiens, and 2 Corynebacterium_1 unclassified amplicon sequence variants were more abundant in those without SARS-CoV-2 infection and in those with low viral load during COVID-19.
conclusionsOur findings suggest complex associations between SARS-CoV-2 and the URT microbiome in adults. Future studies are needed to examine how these viral-bacterial interactions can impact the clinical progression, severity, and recovery of COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.