Trial reportCyberpsychology, behavior and social networking2021
Immersive Virtual Reality Therapy as a Support for Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Pilot Randomized-Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Immersive Virtual Therapeutic Garden as a Support for Late-Life Depressive Symptoms: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Does Immersive Virtual Reality Therapy Support Orthopedic Rehabilitation? A Randomized-Controlled Trial
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Modern Technologies in Psychologically-enhanced Rehabilitation in Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases
The Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality Therapy on Psychological and Functional Status in Female Patients Undergoing Inpatient Rehabilitation Following Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of virtual reality for pain relief in medical procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Virtual Reality and Cardiac Diseases: A Systematic Review of Applications and Effects.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Exergaming in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease Compared to Conventional Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The effectiveness of virtual reality in reducing preoperative anxiety among oral surgery patients under general anesthesia: a salivary stress biomarker and questionnaire-based study.BMC oral health · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of immersive VR therapy in reducing stress-associated symptoms in Ukraine.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Trial
- Immersive Virtual Reality Therapy for Elderly Female Patients Undergoing Rehabilitation After Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Trial
- Virtual reality as a promising method of pain relief in patients with venous leg ulcers.International wound journal · 2024Trial
- The Use of Virtual Therapy in Cardiac Rehabilitation of Female Patients with Heart Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Trial
- Assessment of Depression and Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients Undergoing VR Therapy-Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Digital Technologies in Cardiac Rehabilitation for High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients: A Narrative Review of Mobile Health, Virtual Reality, Exergaming and Virtual Education.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Pilot Trial: Impact of a Virtual Reality Stress Reduction Program on Healthcare and Information Technology Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Psychiatry investigation · 2025Article
- Psychological effects of virtual reality intervention on breast cancer patients with different personalities: A randomized controlled trial.International journal of nursing sciences · 2025Article
- Amplifying Cognitive Functions in Amateur Esports Athletes: The Impact of Short-Term Virtual Reality Training on Reaction Time, Motor Time, and Eye-Hand Coordination.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Anxiety, depression, and Type D personality in ischaemic heart disease patients receiving treatment from outpatient clinics in a government hospital in Sri Lanka.Discover mental health · 2024Article
- Review
- Immersive Technologies for Depression Care: Scoping Review.JMIR mental health · 2024Article
- Application of immersive virtual reality in the training of wheelchair boxers: evaluation of exercise intensity and users experience additional load- a pilot exploratory study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Immersive Virtual Reality Therapy Is Supportive for Orthopedic Rehabilitation among the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Amateur Athlete with Sinus Arrest and Severe Bradycardia Diagnosed through a Heart Rate Monitor: A Six-Year Observation-The Necessity of Shared Decision-Making in Heart Rhythm Therapy Management.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The Use of Virtual Therapy in Cardiac Rehabilitation of Male Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Randomized Pilot Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Depression and anxiety can significantly reduce the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Several studies have assessed the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR)-based interventions for symptoms of anxiety and depression; however, they do not relate to patients with heart disease. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of VR therapy on the mental state of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Thirty-four CAD patients with elevated anxiety or depression symptoms were recruited. After randomization, 17 participants were assigned to the intervention group, and 17 to the control group. Both groups underwent standard CR for outpatients. In the intervention group, eight VR therapy sessions were applied. In the control group, eight sessions of Schultz' Autogenic Training were applied. To assess patient mental states, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Perception of Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) were used, before and after 4 weeks of CR. In the intervention group, a significant decrease in HADS score was observed (19.46 pretreatment vs. 15.73 post-treatment,
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.