Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33576319›Full record

ReviewToxicologic pathology2021

A Review of Specific Biomarkers of Chronic Renal Injury and Their Potential Application in Nonclinical Safety Assessment Studies.

Leslie A Obert, Susan A Elmore, Daniela Ennulat, Kendall S Frazier

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Toxicologic pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Renal Biomarkers in Companion Animals-A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Leslie A Obert549350GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Nonclinical Safety, Collegeville, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9788-2908
Susan A ElmoreCellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Toxicology Program (NTP), 6857National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1680-9176
Daniela Ennulat549350GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Nonclinical Safety, Collegeville, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9445-0536
Kendall S FrazierPrivate Consultant, Alligator Point, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4608-5543
GlaxoSmithKline (United States) · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 ES999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A host of novel renal biomarkers have been developed over the past few decades which have enhanced monitoring of renal disease and drug-induced kidney injury in both preclinical studies and in humans. Since chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) share similar underlying mechanisms and the tubulointerstitial compartment has a functional role in the progression of CKD, urinary biomarkers of AKI may provide predictive information in chronic renal disease. Numerous studies have explored whether the recent AKI biomarkers could improve upon the standard clinical biomarkers, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, for predicting outcomes in CKD patients. This review is an introduction to alternative assays that can be utilized in chronic (>3 months duration) nonclinical safety studies to provide information on renal dysfunction and to demonstrate specific situations where these assays could be utilized in nonclinical drug development. Novel biomarkers such as symmetrical dimethyl arginine, dickkopf homolog 3, and cystatin C predict chronic renal injury in animals, act as surrogates for GFR, and may predict changes in GFR in patients over time, ultimately providing a bridge from preclinical to clinical renal monitoring.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryRenal Insufficiency, ChronicBiomarkersCreatinineGlomerular Filtration RateHumansKidneyBiomarkersCreatininebiomarkerschronic renal injurycystatin CDKK3nonclinical safetySDMAuromodulin

Identifiers

PMID33576319
PMCPMC8195817
OpenAlexW3128812093

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.