ArticleAIMS public health2021
Risk factors associated with stress, anxiety, and depression among university undergraduate students.
Article in AIMS public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07411846 (Effects of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Perceived Stress and Psychological Distress in University Students With High Distress Levels), which is not on this map. Cited by 193 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Perceived Stress and Psychological Distress in University Students With High Distress Levels: A Randomized Blinded Clinical Trial
Who cites it
193 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 493 citations in OpenAlex.
- Canine-assisted therapy in reducing stress and anxiety levels of university students: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Pooled it
- Factors associated with mental health disorders in undergraduate students: A meta-analysis.Narra J · 2025Pooled it
- Deep brain stimulation of the hypothalamic region: a systematic review.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of stress and associated factors among students in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- The Performance of Wearable AI in Detecting Stress Among Students: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies exploring prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university students.BMC psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress in Malaysia during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Mindfulness to improve the mental health of university students. A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of Anxiety in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Evaluation of the effectiveness of a 7-week minimal guided and unguided cognitive behavioral therapy-based stress-management APP for students.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Losing Sleep, Gaining Weight? Young Bangladeshi Adults' Perceptions of Sleep, Eating and Body Weight: A Qualitative Study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- Association between menstrual cycle characteristics and mental health in early adolescence.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Patterns and Safety-Related Aspects of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Use Among Healthcare Students and University Staff at a Brazilian Public University: A Cross-Sectional Study.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- The Many Faces of Stress: Preliminary Validation of a Remote Photoplethysmography-Based Tool for Psychophysiological Stress and Emotional Distress Monitoring.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychological and Socioeconomic Determinants of Mental Health in Higher Education Students: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- An examination of the associations between AUDIT scores, person-level differences in daily location changes, and stress among college students.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Coping as a Pathway Linking Religiosity and Spirituality to Mental Health and Early Cardio-Cerebrovascular Risk Among University Students in Malaysia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Revealing symptom-level vulnerabilities between academic involution and anxiety: a network analysis.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Resilience, coping, acculturation, and mental health among university students.BMC psychology · 2026Article
133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is well-known that prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression is high among university undergraduate students in developed and developing countries. Students entering university are from different socioeconomic background, which can bring a variety of mental health risk factors. The aim of this review was to investigate present literatures to identify risk factors associated with stress, anxiety, and depression among university undergraduate students in developed and developing countries. I identified and critically evaluated forty-one articles about risk factors associated with mental health of undergraduate university students in developed and developing countries from 2000 to 2020 according to the inclusion criteria. Selected papers were analyzed for risk factor themes. Six different themes of risk factors were identified: psychological, academic, biological, lifestyle, social and financial. Different risk factor groups can have different degree of impact on students' stress, anxiety, and depression. Each theme of risk factor was further divided into multiple subthemes. Risk factors associated with stress, depression and anxiety among university students should be identified early in university to provide them with additional mental health support and prevent exacerbation of risk factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.