ArticleJournal of transport & health2020
School Walkability Index: Application of Environmental Audit Tool and GIS.
Article in Journal of transport & health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of a walking school bus program: a cluster randomized controlled trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2024Trial
- Assessing the Accuracy and Completeness of OpenStreetMap Sidewalks: A Comparative Study With Google Street View.Preventing chronic disease · 2026Article
- Associations between walkability and physical activity among children and adolescents: evidence from a gamified intervention.BMC public health · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review of the Bibliometrics and Methodological Research Used on Studies Focused on School Neighborhood Built Environment and the Physical Health of Children and Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Meteorological gaps in audits of pedestrian environments: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Development, scoring, and reliability for the Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes for Safe Routes to School (MAPS-SRTS) instrument.BMC public health · 2024Article
- How the Built Environment Moderates Gender Gap in Active Commuting to Schools.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Analysis of Variables That Influence the Walkability of School Environments Based on the Delphi Method.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Improving active travel to school and its surveillance: an overlooked opportunity in health promotion and chronic disease prevention.Translational behavioral medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionActive school travel is an important way to promote children's physical activity, but it requires supportive environments that can safely and comfortably accommodate children's walking and biking. Few existing indices explicitly consider school neighborhood environmental factors related to children's walking to school. In this study, we used a street audit tool and Geographic Information System (GIS) to evaluate walkability near low-income elementary schools in Seattle, WA.
methodsThe audit-based school walkability index was developed based on all street segments (n=841) within a 0.4km network buffer from each study school (n=18). The GIS-based school walkability, a combination of road connectivity, vehicular traffic exposure, and residential density, was also measured in a 2km network buffer around each school. The participants were individuals aged 8-11 years (n=315) who participated in the Walking School Bus randomized controlled trial project. Mixed-effects logistic and linear models were used to examine the association of the index's representations of the built environment with children's school travel mode (walking or biking to school 1+ times per week) and with objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA, average weekday minutes during the 90-min before-school period). These associations were tested with the total sample as well as the subsample of children living within 1.5km from their schools.
resultsThe audit-based school walkability index (WI) was positively associated with both active commuting to school among the subsample living within 1.5km from their schools and with children's before-school MVPA among the subsample and the total sample. The GIS-based school WI showed significant associations with children's before-school MVPA but no relationships with active school travel among the subsample and the total sample.
conclusionThe audit-based school walkability index can be used as a complementary tool for measuring walkability near low-income elementary schools along with existing GIS-based school walkability index.
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Registered trials
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