ReviewJournal of the advanced practitioner in oncology
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Characteristics of Tumor Microenvironment and Barriers to Treatment.
Review in Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intraoperative radiation therapy induces immune response activity after pancreatic surgery.BMC cancer · 2021Trial
- Peptides as integrative modulators for clinical prognosis and targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Safety Assessment of 5-Fluorouracil, Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin-Loaded Implants in Mouse and Pig Models for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Tumor-Infiltrating Natural Killer Cell Characterization in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Cells · 2026Article
- Neoadjuvant therapy-induced remodeling of tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a spatial and digital pathology analysis.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of Pathology Foundation Models for Automated Detection of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Hematoxylin-and-Eosin-Stained Digital Pathology Images.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Perineural invasion and the "cold" tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer: mechanisms of crosstalk and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Get to know your neighbors with a SNAQ™: A framework for single cell spatial neighborhood analysis in immunohistochemical images.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Get to know your neighbors with a SNAQbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Pulse and CW EPR Oximetry Using Oxychip in Gemcitabine-Treated Murine Pancreatic Tumors.Molecular imaging and biology · 2024Article
- Minocycline and photodynamic priming significantly improve chemotherapy efficacy in heterotypic spheroids of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology · 2024Article
- Galectin-1 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Bridging Tumor Biology, Immune Evasion, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The tumour immune microenvironment and microbiome of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Review
- High beta integrin expression is differentially associated with worsened pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma outcomes.American journal of cancer research · 2022Article
- The novel subclusters based on cancer-associated fibroblast for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains a highly aggressive disease, with a 5-year relative survival rate of 10%. Numerous barriers to treatment exist, such as dense desmoplasia, infiltration of immune suppressor cells, inhibitory cytokines, low effector T-cell infiltration, and low tumor mutational burden. These factors help form a highly suppressive tumor microenvironment unique to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This review outlines barriers to treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by discussing the unique characteristics of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and the factors that contribute to making pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma such a challenging disease to treat.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.