ArticleNature immunology2021
Urban living in healthy Tanzanians is associated with an inflammatory status driven by dietary and metabolic changes.
Article in Nature immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Immune and metabolic effects of African heritage diets versus Western diets in men: a randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Stunting Status and Exposure to Infection and Inflammation in Early Life Shape Antibacterial Immune Cell Function Among Zimbabwean Children.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Trained immunity in chronic, relapsing and low-grade joint inflammation.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Environmental drivers of low vaccine responsiveness in a lab-to-wild rodent model.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Review
- Circulating metabolites associated with protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and inhibition of mycobacterial growth.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Acute-phase reactants as predictors of chronic kidney disease incidence in Africans: the population-based prospective RODAM cohort study.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Sex-stratified genetic regulators of cytokine production in the Dutch and Tanzanian populations.HGG advances · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- The Influence of Sleep and Diet on Human Peripheral Immunity and Chronic Health Conditions.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Immuno-functionomics reveals geographical variation and a role for TLR8 in mRNA vaccine responses.iScience · 2025Article
- Deciphering cross-cohort metabolic signatures of immune responses and their implications for disease pathogenesis.Molecular systems biology · 2025Article
- Aspartate Is A Determinant of TNF-α Biogenesis in Sub-Saharan Africa: Insight Into the Pathogenesis of Noncommunicable Diseases.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Systems analysis unravels a common rural-urban gradient in immunological profile, function, and metabolic dependencies.Science advances · 2025Article
- Dietary patterns in Tanzania's transitioning rural and urban areas.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals inter-ethnic variation in immune response to Falciparum malaria.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Trained immunity in diabetes: emerging targets for cardiovascular complications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Ampelopsis grossedentata tea alleviating liver fibrosis in BDL-induced mice via gut microbiota and metabolite modulation.NPJ science of food · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa currently experiences an unprecedented wave of urbanization, which has important consequences for health and disease patterns. This study aimed to investigate and integrate the immune and metabolic consequences of rural or urban lifestyles and the role of nutritional changes associated with urban living. In a cohort of 323 healthy Tanzanians, urban as compared to rural living was associated with a pro-inflammatory immune phenotype, both at the transcript and protein levels. We identified different food-derived and endogenous circulating metabolites accounting for these differences. Serum from urban dwellers induced reprogramming of innate immune cells with higher tumor necrosis factor production upon microbial re-stimulation in an in vitro model of trained immunity. These data demonstrate important shifts toward an inflammatory phenotype associated with an urban lifestyle and provide new insights into the underlying dietary and metabolic factors, which may affect disease epidemiology in sub-Sahara African countries.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.