Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33574475›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Human myelomeningocele risk and ultra-rare deleterious variants in genes associated with cilium, WNT-signaling, ECM, cytoskeleton and cell migration.

K S Au, L Hebert, P Hillman, C Baker, M R Brown, D-K Kim, K Soldano, M Garrett, A Ashley-Koch, S Lee and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Morphometric analysis of spina bifida after fetal repair shows new subtypes with associated outcomes.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2025
    Article
  5. Focal Adhesion Kinase Variants May Contribute to Risk of Human Myelomeningocele.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. The dynamics of tubulogenesis in development and disease.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

K S AuDivision of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. Kit-Sing.Au@uth.tmc.edu.
L HebertDivision of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
P HillmanDivision of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
C BakerDivision of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
M R BrownDepartment of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
D-K KimDepartment of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
K SoldanoDepartment of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
M GarrettDepartment of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
A Ashley-KochDepartment of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
S LeeDepartment of Neurosciences and Pediatrics, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
J GleesonDepartment of Neurosciences and Pediatrics, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
J E HixsonDepartment of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
A C MorrisonDepartment of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
H NorthrupDivision of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston · USDuke University Hospital · USChildren’s Institute · USNebraska Medical Center · USUniversity of California, San Diego · US

Funding

SUBJECT RECRUITMENT AND EVALUATION COREP01HD035946 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI FLETCHER, JACK M · 1998 to 2009
$10.8M
Creating a Myelomeningocele Exome Variant MapR01HD073434 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI AU, KIT SING · 2014 to 2018
$2.4M
NICHD NIH HHS P01 HD035946NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD073434
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Myelomeningocele (MMC) affects one in 1000 newborns annually worldwide and each surviving child faces tremendous lifetime medical and caregiving burdens. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to disease risk but the mechanism is unclear. This study examined 506 MMC subjects for ultra-rare deleterious variants (URDVs, absent in gnomAD v2.1.1 controls that have Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion score ≥ 20) in candidate genes either known to cause abnormal neural tube closure in animals or previously associated with human MMC in the current study cohort. Approximately 70% of the study subjects carried one to nine URDVs among 302 candidate genes. Half of the study subjects carried heterozygous URDVs in multiple genes involved in the structure and/or function of cilium, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix, WNT signaling, and/or cell migration. Another 20% of the study subjects carried heterozygous URDVs in candidate genes associated with gene transcription regulation, folate metabolism, or glucose metabolism. Presence of URDVs in the candidate genes involving these biological function groups may elevate the risk of developing myelomeningocele in the study cohort.

Indexed as

Gene DeletionGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseCell MovementCiliaCytoskeletonExtracellular MatrixFemaleGenetic Association StudiesHumansMaleMeningomyeloceleNeural Tube DefectsRisk FactorsWnt Signaling Pathway

Identifiers

PMID33574475
PMCPMC7878900
OpenAlexW3128832051

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.