ArticleJournal of studies on alcohol and drugs2021
Recreational Marijuana Legalization and Use Among California Adolescents: Findings From a Statewide Survey.
Article in Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is legalization of recreational cannabis associated with levels of use and cannabis use disorder among youth in the United States? A rapid systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Adolescent cannabis use disorder following recreational cannabis legalization in California, USA: A population-based interrupted time series study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Adolescent Cannabis Use After Cannabis Legalization and the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Diverging Patterns of Educational Disparities Among Cannabis Users and Cigarette Smokers.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Adolescents' Interest in Quitting Nicotine or Cannabis E-Cigarettes.Clinical pediatrics · 2025Article
- The Impact of Recreational Cannabis Markets on Cannabis Use Among Adolescents and Adults: A Synthetic Control Analysis.Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.) · 2025Article
- Age-Gating and Marketing Differences Between Storefront and Non-Storefront Cannabis Retailers.Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.) · 2025Article
- The Impact of Adult Cannabis Use Legalization in California: A Qualitative Review of Subject Matter Expert Opinions on Proposition 64.Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.) · 2025Article
- Increasing lifetime and past 30-day marijuana use among middle school students regardless of recreational marijuana sales.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Association Between Marijuana Laws and Suicide Among 12- to 25-Year-Olds in the United States From 2000 to 2019.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2024Article
- Youth Exposure to Recreational Cannabis Legalization: Moderation of Effects by Sex and Parental Cannabis Use during Adolescence.Substance use & misuse · 2024Article
- Consequences of adolescent drug use.Translational psychiatry · 2023Review
- Recreational Marijuana Legalization, Local Retail Availability, and Alcohol and Marijuana Use and Co-Use Among California High School Students.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2023Article
- Adolescent Advertising Exposure to Cannabis Products in Rural Oklahoma via Medical Dispensaries.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2023Article
- Recreational Cannabis Legalization and Proximity to Cannabis Retailers as Risk Factors for Adolescents' Cannabis Use.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2023Article
- Effects of Cannabis Legalization on Adolescent Cannabis Use Across 3 Studies.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Latent Classes of Tobacco and Cannabis Use among Youth and Young Adults in the United States.Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
- Assessing the Impact of Recreational Cannabis Legalization on Cannabis Use Disorder and Admissions to Treatment in the United States.Current addiction reports · 2023Review
- Impacts of recreational cannabis legalization on use and harms: A narrative review of sex/gender differences.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Flavored Tobacco Sales Restrictions and Teen E-cigarette Use: Quasi-experimental Evidence From California.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe legalization of recreational marijuana use and retail sales raises concerns about possible effects on marijuana use among adolescents. We evaluated the effects of recreational marijuana legalization (RML) in California in November 2016 on use among adolescents and investigated subgroup differences in these effects.
methodWe analyzed data from successive cross-sectional samples of 7th, 9th, and 11th grade students (N = 3,330,912) who participated in the California Healthy Kids Survey from 2010-2011 to 2018-2019. Participants reported grade, sex, ethnicity, race, and lifetime and past-30-day marijuana use.
resultsMultilevel analyses showed that RML was associated with increases in the likelihood of lifetime (odds ratio = 1.18, 95% CI [1.15, 1.21], p < .01) and past-30-day marijuana use (odds ratio = 1.23, 95% CI [1.20, 1.26], p < .01) relative to previous downward trends. RML was more strongly associated with increases in prevalence of marijuana use among 7th versus 9th and 11th graders, females versus males, non-Hispanic versus Hispanic youth, and White versus African American, American Indian/Native Alaskan, and multiracial youth. Overall, RML was not significantly associated with frequency of past-30-day use among users, although stronger positive associations between RML and frequency of use were found for 11th graders, Asian Americans, and African Americans. The association was weaker for females.
conclusionsRML in California was associated with an increase in adolescent marijuana use in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. Demographic subgroup differences in these associations were observed. Evidence-based prevention programs and greater local control on retail marijuana sales may help to reduce marijuana availability and use among adolescents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33573728PMC7901265W3129099477What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.