Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33572439›Full record

ArticlePolymers2021

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Cationic Amino Acid-Conjugated Dendrimers Loaded with a Mixture of Two Triterpenoid Acids.

Anna Maria Schito, Gian Carlo Schito, Silvana Alfei

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  11. Prediction of Antibacterial Peptides againstMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anna Maria SchitoDepartment of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, I-16132 Genova, Italy.
Gian Carlo SchitoDepartment of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, I-16132 Genova, Italy.
Silvana AlfeiDepartment of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, I-16148 Genova, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4630-4371
University of Genoa · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To counteract the growing bacterial resistance, we previously reported the remarkable antimicrobial activity of amino acid-conjugated cationic dendrimers (CDs) against several Gram-negative species, establishing that the cationic lysine was essential for their potency. In this paper, CDs conjugated with lysine and arginine and encapsulating ursolic and oleanolic acids (UOACDs) were assumed to be excellent candidates for developing new antibacterial agents, possibly active against Gram-positive species. Indeed, both the guanidine group of arginine and the two triterpenoid acids are items known for directing antibacterial effects, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. The cationic dendrimers were obtained by peripheral conjugation with the selected amino acids and by entrapping a physical mixture of the commercial triterpenoid acids. The cationic compounds were characterized and successfully tested against 15 Gram-positive isolates. Interesting minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were obtained for all the dendrimer-drug agents, establishing that the antibacterial activity observed for the UOACDs strongly depended on the density and on the type of the cationic groups of the cationic amino acid-conjugated dendrimers and not on the presence and the release of UOA. Particularly, lysine was critical for potency, while arginine was critical for redirecting activity against Gram-positive species. Especially, a high cationic character, associated with a balanced content of lysine/arginine, produced a remarkable antimicrobial effect (MIC = 0.5-8.7 µM).

Indexed as

antibacterial cationic dendrimersarginine and lysine-conjugated dendrimerscommercial ursolic and oleanolic acidsEnterococcus and Staphylococcus generamultidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacterianew bactericidal agents

Identifiers

PMID33572439
PMCPMC7916190
OpenAlexW3127240754

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.