Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33572406›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

The Impact of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Athletes' Performance: A Narrative Review.

Mikaeli Anne Carmichael, Rebecca Louise Thomson, Lisa Jane Moran, Thomas Philip Wycherley

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07591818 (Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraceptive Use in Athletic Performance and Health-related Hydration and Energy Balance Status), which is not on this map. Cited by 125 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
125citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07591818 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraceptive Use in Athletic Performance and Health-related Hydration and Energy Balance Status

TypeobservationalSponsorFaculdade de Motricidade HumanaRan2026 to 2028Enrolled40ConditionsMenstrual Cycle, Oral Contraceptive Use, Athlete
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

125 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  19. The effect of quercetin and citrulline on cycling time trial performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024
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65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mikaeli Anne CarmichaelAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6068-784X
Rebecca Louise ThomsonAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Lisa Jane MoranAdelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Thomas Philip WycherleyAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3096-1796

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effect of the menstrual cycle on physical performance is being increasingly recognised as a key consideration for women's sport and a critical field for further research. This narrative review explores the findings of studies investigating the effects of menstrual cycle phase on perceived and objectively measured performance in an athletic population. Studies examining perceived performance consistently report that female athletes identify their performance to be relatively worse during the early follicular and late luteal phases. Studies examining objective performance (using anaerobic, aerobic or strength-related tests) do not report clear, consistent effects of the impact of menstrual cycle phase on physical performance. Overall sport performance can be influenced by both perceived and physical factors. Hence, to optimise performance and management of eumenorrheic female athletes, there is a need for further research to quantify the impact of menstrual cycle phase on perceived and physical performance outcomes and to identify factors affecting variability in objective performance outcomes between studies.

Indexed as

AthletesSportsFemaleFollicular PhaseHumansLuteal PhaseMenstrual Cyclefemalemenstruationsport

Identifiers

PMID33572406
PMCPMC7916245

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.