Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33572330›Full record

ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Improves Sleep Quality, Experiential Avoidance, and Emotion Regulation in Individuals with Insomnia-Results from a Randomized Interventional Study.

Ali Zakiei, Habibolah Khazaie, Masoumeh Rostampour, Sakari Lemola, Maryam Esmaeili, Kenneth Dürsteler, Annette Beatrix Brühl, Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani, Serge Brand

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
10.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Acceptance and commitment therapy for insomnia: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Assessing shared psychological constructs as risk factors in comorbid PTSD-AUD combat-exposed male veterans.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Ali ZakieiSleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
Habibolah KhazaieSleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
Masoumeh RostampourSleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
Sakari LemolaDepartment of Psychology, Bielefeld University, 33602 Bielefeld, Germany.
Maryam EsmaeiliDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Esfahan, Esfahan 8415683111, Iran.
Kenneth DürstelerPsychiatric Clinics, Division of Substance Use Disorders Basel, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland.
Annette Beatrix BrühlCenter for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Psychiatric University Hospital Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
Dena Sadeghi-BahmaniSleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-1301-5522
Serge BrandSleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
University of Basel · CHKermanshah University of Medical Sciences · IRBielefeld University · DEUniversity of Isfahan · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Insomnia is a common problem in the general population. To treat insomnia, medication therapies and insomnia-related cognitive-behavioral interventions are often applied. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on sleep quality, dysfunctional sleep beliefs and attitudes, experiential avoidance, and acceptance of sleep problems in individuals with insomnia, compared to a control condition. A total of 35 participants with diagnosed insomnia (mean age: 41.46 years old; 62.9% females) were randomly assigned to the ACT intervention (weekly group therapy for 60-70 min) or to the active control condition (weekly group meetings for 60-70 min without interventional and psychotherapeutic character). At baseline and after eight weeks (end of the study), and again 12 weeks later at follow-up, participants completed self-rating questionnaires on sleep quality, dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, emotion regulation, and experiential avoidance. Furthermore, participants in the intervention condition kept a weekly sleep log for eight consecutive weeks (micro-analysis). Every morning, participants completed the daily sleep log, which consisted of items regarding subjective sleep duration, sleep quality, and the feeling of being restored. Sleep quality, dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes towards sleep, emotion regulation, and experiential avoidance improved over time, but only in the ACT condition compared to the control condition. Improvements remained stable until follow-up. Improvements in experiential avoidance were related to a favorable change in sleep and cognitive-emotional processing. Micro-analyses showed that improvements occurred within the first three weeks of treatment. The pattern of results suggests that ACT appeared to have improved experiential avoidance, which in turn improved both sleep quality and sleep-related cognitive-emotional processes at longer-term in adults with insomnia.

Indexed as

acceptance and commitment therapydysfunctional beliefsexperiential avoidanceinsomniasleep logssleep quality

Identifiers

PMID33572330
PMCPMC7916154
OpenAlexW3126646999

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.