ReviewVaccines2021
Targeting Innate Immunity in Cancer Therapy.
Review in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chidamide plus envafolimab as subsequent treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients resistant to anti-PD-1 therapy: A multicohort, open-label, phase II trial with biomarker analysis.Cancer medicine · 2024Trial
- Review
- Review
- Metabolic profiling and systems biology analysis of Flammulina filiformis Fv19 extract: an integrated computational and experimental approach for dual anti-cancer and immunomodulatory therapy.BMC biotechnology · 2026Article
- Natural killer cells, macrophages and dendritic cells as innate immune therapies for blood cancers.Annals of hematology · 2026Review
- Anti-tumor analysis of the RIG-I agonist inBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- DUSP11 is an Intracellular Innate Immune Checkpoint in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
- The cGAS‒STING pathway in colorectal cancer: bridging innate immunity and therapeutic strategies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Nano-oncology revisited: Insights on precise therapeutic advances and challenges in tumor.Fundamental research · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory nanoplatforms with multiple mechanisms of action in cancer treatment.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- High‑dose sodium propionate contributes to tumor immune escape through the IGF2BP3/PD‑L1 axis in colorectal cancer.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Self-assembly of paclitaxel derivative and fructose as a potent inducer of immunogenic cell death to enhance cancer immunotherapy.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- In Situ Cancer Vaccines: Redefining Immune Activation in the Tumor Microenvironment.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Review
- Oncogenic Signalling Pathways in Cancer Immunotherapy: Leader or Follower in This Delicate Dance?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Potential prognostic biomarker SERPINA12: implications for hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Tumor microenvironment: recent advances in understanding and its role in modulating cancer therapies.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Pan-cancer analysis reveals SMARCAL1 expression is associated with immune cell infiltration and poor prognosis in various cancers.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on CD14 + CD16 + monocytes and soluble CD163 in Egyptian breast cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Chemotherapy in synergy with innate immune agonists enhances T cell priming for checkpoint inhibitor treatment in pancreatic cancer.Biomarker research · 2025Article
- Development of a Prognostic m6A-Related lncRNA Signature and Functional Validation of FAM83A-AS1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma.OncoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The majority of current cancer immunotherapy strategies target and potentiate antitumor adaptive immune responses. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these treatments has been limited to a fraction of patients within a subset of tumor types, with an aggregate response rate of approximately 20% to date across all malignancies. The success of therapeutic inhibition of programmed death protein 1 (PD-1), protein death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has been limited to "hot" tumors characterized by preexisting T cell infiltration, whereas "cold" tumors, which lack T cell infiltration, have not achieved durable benefit. There are several mechanisms by which "cold" tumors fail to generate spontaneous immune infiltration, which converge upon the generation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). The role of the innate immune system in tumor immunosurveillance and generation of antitumor immune responses has been long recognized. In recent years, novel strategies to target innate immunity in cancer therapy have emerged, including therapeutic stimulation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs); the DNA sensing cGAS/STING pathway; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), such as NLRP3; and the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs). In addition, therapeutic modulation of key innate immune cell types, such as macrophages and natural killer cells, has been investigated. Herein, we review therapeutic approaches to activate innate immunity within the TME to enhance antitumor immune responses, with the goal of disease eradication in "cold" tumors. In addition, we discuss rational immune-oncology combination strategies that activate both innate and adaptive immunity, with the potential to enhance the efficacy of current immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.