ArticleThe Journal of hospital infection2021
Epidemiology of and risk factors for mortality due to carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPO) in healthcare facilities.
Article in The Journal of hospital infection, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, multidrug resistance patterns, and carbapenemase-encoding genes of carbapenemase-producingSAGE open medicine · 2026Review
- Thirty-Day Mortality Associated With Carbapenemase-ProducingOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The evolving epidemiology of Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Canadian acute care facilities, 2010-2023.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Article
- An Economic Model to Assess the Cost Impact of Using Xpert Carba-R to Screen Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales in Comparison with Standard of Care, in a National Health Service Setting.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in Canadian acute care hospitals, 2018-2022.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2024Article
- Genomic investigation of multispecies and multivariantInfection control and hospital epidemiology · 2024Article
- Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Infections Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in Canadian acute care hospitals, 2017-2021.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- Incidence, antimicrobial resistance and mortality ofFrontiers in public health · 2023Observational
- Healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in Canadian acute care hospitals, 2016-2020.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2022Article
- Temocillin: Applications in Antimicrobial Stewardship as a Potential Carbapenem-Sparing Antibiotic.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Risk factors in non‑surviving patients with infection with carbapenemase‑producing Enterobacterales strains in an intensive care unit.Medicine internationalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCarbapenemase-producing organisms (CPO) have been largely responsible for the extensive spread of carbapenem resistance, and their prevalence is increasing in many parts of the world.
aimTo evaluate clinical and molecular epidemiology and mortality associated with CPO among patients.
methodsAll CPO from clinical and long-term healthcare surveillance cultures across Scotland in 2003-2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect genes coding for carbapenemases. A generalized linear mixed model was used to identify risk factors for mortality.
findingsIn total, 290 individuals with CPO were identified. The overall incidence increased over time (P<0.001) from 0.02 to 1.38 per 100,000 population between 2003 and 2017. A total of 243 distinct CPO isolates were obtained from 269 isolations in 214 individuals with available metadata. The majority of the isolates were Enterobacterales (206/243, 84.8%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (65/206, 31.6%) and Enterobacter cloacae (52/206, 25.2%) were the most common species. VIM (75/243, 30.9%) and NDM (56/243, 23.0%) were the most common carbapenemases. The crude 30-day mortality rate was 11.8% (25/211), while the case fatality rate was 5.7% (12/211). Age >60 years [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-10.63; P=0.033], presence of non-fermenters (aOR 4.88, 95% CI 1.64-14.47; P=0.005), and systemic infection or organ failure (aOR 4.21, 95% CI 1.38-12.81; P=0.032) were independently associated with 30-day mortality.
conclusionThe incidence of CPO in Scotland is low but increasing. Awareness is required that inpatients aged >60 years, patients with systemic infection or organ failure, and patients presenting with non-fermenters are at higher risk of death from CPO.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.