ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
Demographic perspectives on the rise of longevity.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The impact of dance on the mental health of older adults: a network meta-analysis of anxiety, depression, and well-being.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Is headache a risk factor for dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Pooled it
- A Comparative Analysis of Aging Across Causes of Death.Evolutionary applications · 2026Article
- The distinctiveness of human aging I: Anthropological and developmental foundations.Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2026Review
- Article
- The rhythm of aging: Stability and drift in the individual rate of senescence.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Molecular evolution of animal aging.The EMBO journal · 2026Review
- Ketogenic Diet and Brain Health: Cerebrovascular Mechanisms, Neuroprotection, and Translational Implications.Nutrients · 2026Review
- AEGIS: Individual-based modeling of life history evolution.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Gerontology lost in translation from demography to biology of aging and back.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Identifying priority diseases and injuries to promote equality as measured by health-adjusted life expectancy: a population-based study.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Longevity, Centenarians, and Lifestyle: Any ''Tips'' to Live Longer?Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Ageing populations: new challenges in longevity.BMC public health · 2025Article
- National Life Expectancy Lags Behind Benchmark Progress and the Role of Smoking: An International Comparison.European journal of population = Revue europeenne de demographie · 2025Article
- Cohort mortality forecasts indicate signs of deceleration in life expectancy gains.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Healthspan-lifespan gap differs in magnitude and disease contribution across world regions.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Systematic Intervention with Formal Caregivers to Promote Nutritional Health of Older People with Dementia: An Impact Evaluation Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Effect of Sex on Mortality Risks in Medieval Ireland.American journal of biological anthropology · 2025Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Abstract
This article reviews some key strands of demographic research on past trends in human longevity and explores possible future trends in life expectancy at birth. Demographic data on age-specific mortality are used to estimate life expectancy, and validated data on exceptional life spans are used to study the maximum length of life. In the countries doing best each year, life expectancy started to increase around 1840 at a pace of almost 2.5 y per decade. This trend has continued until the present. Contrary to classical evolutionary theories of senescence and contrary to the predictions of many experts, the frontier of survival is advancing to higher ages. Furthermore, individual life spans are becoming more equal, reducing inequalities, with octogenarians and nonagenarians accounting for most deaths in countries with the highest life expectancy. If the current pace of progress in life expectancy continues, most children born this millennium will celebrate their 100th birthday. Considerable uncertainty, however, clouds forecasts: Life expectancy and maximum life span might increase very little if at all, or longevity might rise much faster than in the past. Substantial progress has been made over the past three decades in deepening understanding of how long humans have lived and how long they might live. The social, economic, health, cultural, and political consequences of further increases in longevity are so significant that the development of more powerful methods of forecasting is a priority.
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