ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Immune Privilege: The Microbiome and Uveitis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi‑omics insights into uveitis: From mechanisms to precision medicine (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Infection control in the brain and the eye.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Review
- Ocular immune homeostasis-mechanisms of precise regulation through coordination of the eye, visual system and beyond: a narrative review.Annals of eye science · 2026Article
- Targeting the pMHC-TCR Interaction: Molecular Strategies and Therapeutic Potential in Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tissue resident memory T cells populate the human uveal tract.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Luteolin ameliorates diabetic retinopathy through activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 and SIRT3/AMPK antioxidant axes and suppression of cGAS-STING and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in experimental rats.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Intravitreal AAV vector delivery induces integrin-dependent ocular inflammation, complement activation, and antiviral and DNA damage responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Immunopathogenesis of uveitis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Ophthalmologic Comorbidities in Alopecia Areata.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Can Immune Checkpoint Modulation Redefine Ocular Immunotherapy? Emerging Mechanisms, Challenges, and Translational Opportunities-A Comprehensive Review.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Review
- [Nutritional therapy in ophthalmology-patients' interest and motivation].Die Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Oral, not gut microbiota diversity, reflects the inflammation and neoplasia in patients with uveitis and vitreoretinal lymphoma.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2025Article
- Potential therapeutic applications of stem cells in animal models of ocular affections.Inflammation and regeneration · 2025Review
- Idiopathic Fusarium Sclerouveitis: A Case Report.Cornea · 2025Article
- MSCs act as biopatches for blood-retinal barrier preservation to enhance functional recovery after retinal I/R.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Association between axial length and uveitis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- The microbiome and the eye: a new era in ophthalmology.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Gut microbiome dysregulation in noninfectious uveitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Microbiome as an endocrine organ and its relationship with eye diseases: Effective factors and new targeted approaches.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2024Review
- Next-Generation Sequencing of the Human Aqueous Humour Microbiome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune privilege (IP), a term introduced to explain the unpredicted acceptance of allogeneic grafts by the eye and the brain, is considered a unique property of these tissues. However, immune responses are modified by the tissue in which they occur, most of which possess IP to some degree. The eye therefore displays a spectrum of IP because it comprises several tissues. IP as originally conceived can only apply to the retina as it contains few tissue-resident bone-marrow derived myeloid cells and is immunologically shielded by a sophisticated barrier - an inner vascular and an outer epithelial barrier at the retinal pigment epithelium. The vascular barrier comprises the vascular endothelium and the glia limitans. Immune cells do not cross the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) despite two-way transport of interstitial fluid, governed by tissue oncotic pressure. The BRB, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) mature in the neonatal period under signals from the expanding microbiome and by 18 months are fully established. However, the adult eye is susceptible to intraocular inflammation (uveitis; frequency ~200/100,000 population). Uveitis involving the retinal parenchyma (posterior uveitis, PU) breaches IP, while IP is essentially irrelevant in inflammation involving the ocular chambers, uveal tract and ocular coats (anterior/intermediate uveitis/sclerouveitis, AU). Infections cause ~50% cases of AU and PU but infection may also underlie the pathogenesis of immune-mediated "non-infectious" uveitis. Dysbiosis accompanies the commonest form, HLA-B27-associated AU, while latent infections underlie BRB breakdown in PU. This review considers the pathogenesis of uveitis in the context of IP, infection, environment, and the microbiome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.