ArticleNature communications2021
Genotyping cognate Plasmodium falciparum in humans and mosquitoes to estimate onward transmission of asymptomatic infections.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protocols for Plasmodium gametocyte production in vitro: an integrative review and analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2022Pooled it
- Transmissibility of a new Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 bank for use in malaria volunteer infection studies evaluating transmission blocking interventions.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Reduced Efficacy of Piperonyl Butoxide Based Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Nets Against Malaria Vectors in Western Kenya.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Sickle Trait Hemoglobin Does Not Influence Anopheles Biting Rates.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Uneven Plasmodium falciparum Transmission and Cryptic ovale Transmission From the Asymptomatic Reservoir in Bagamoyo, Tanzania.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Low-density asymptomatic parasitemia in southern Zambia does not lead to clinical malaria and is not associated with household transmission: results from a two-year cohort study.Research square · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms involved inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Sickle-trait hemoglobin does not influencemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Integrating mobility, travel survey, and malaria case data to understand drivers of malaria importation to Zanzibar, 2022-2023.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Measuring changes ineLife · 2025Article
- Integrating mobility, travel survey, and malaria case data to understand drivers of malaria importation to Zanzibar, 2022-2023.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The burden and diagnostic challenges of subclinical Plasmodium falciparum infections in Southern Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Preferential transmission of minority and drug-resistant clones in polyclonal infections in Mali.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections and determinants of carriage in a seasonal malaria chemoprevention setting in Northern Cameroon and south Senegal (Kedougou).Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Relationship between malaria vector survival, infectivity, and insecticide-treated net use in western Kenya.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Hyper-diverse antigenic variation and resilience to transmission-reducing intervention in falciparum malaria.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans and mosquitoes influence natural Anopheline biting behavior and transmission.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Risk of Malaria Following Untreated Subpatent Plasmodium falciparum Infections: Results Over 4 Years From a Cohort in a High-Transmission Area in Western Kenya.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Strong isolation by distance and evidence of population microstructure reflect ongoingmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Malaria control may be enhanced by targeting reservoirs of Plasmodium falciparum transmission. One putative reservoir is asymptomatic malaria infections and the scale of their contribution to transmission in natural settings is not known. We assess the contribution of asymptomatic malaria to onward transmission using a 14-month longitudinal cohort of 239 participants in a high transmission site in Western Kenya. We identify P. falciparum in asymptomatically- and symptomatically-infected participants and naturally-fed mosquitoes from their households, genotype all parasites using deep sequencing of the parasite genes pfama1 and pfcsp, and use haplotypes to infer participant-to-mosquito transmission through a probabilistic model. In 1,242 infections (1,039 in people and 203 in mosquitoes), we observe 229 (pfcsp) and 348 (pfama1) unique parasite haplotypes. Using these to link human and mosquito infections, compared with symptomatic infections, asymptomatic infections more than double the odds of transmission to a mosquito among people with both infection types (Odds Ratio: 2.56; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.36-4.81) and among all participants (OR 2.66; 95% CI: 2.05-3.47). Overall, 94.6% (95% CI: 93.1-95.8%) of mosquito infections likely resulted from asymptomatic infections. In high transmission areas, asymptomatic infections are the major contributor to mosquito infections and may be targeted as a component of transmission reduction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.