Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33568482›Full record

ArticleScience advances2021

Wireless, implantable catheter-type oximeter designed for cardiac oxygen saturation.

Wei Lu, Wubin Bai, Hao Zhang, Chenkai Xu, Antonio M Chiarelli, Abraham Vázquez-Guardado, Zhaoqian Xie, Haixu Shen, Khizar Nandoliya, Hangbo Zhao and 16 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Smart Catheters for Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Therapy.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Materials and System Design for Self-Decision Bioelectronic Systems.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Analytical solutions for light propagation of LED.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Wei LuCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1328-4471
Wubin BaiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2872-5559
Hao ZhangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4513-0813
Chenkai XuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5695-8926
Antonio M ChiarelliInstitute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies and Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy.
Abraham Vázquez-GuardadoCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0648-5921
Zhaoqian XieState Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, International Research Center for Computational Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1320-817X
Haixu ShenDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Khizar NandoliyaDepartment of Chemistry, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Hangbo ZhaoCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5229-4192
KunHyuck LeeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Yixin WuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6315-4694
Daniel FranklinCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Raudel AvilaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Shuai XuCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3560-6945
Alina RweiCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Mengdi HanCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Kyeongha KwonCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2373-7799
Yujun DengDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6468-331X
Xinge YuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloong Tong, Hong Kong.ORCID 0000-0003-0522-1171
Edward B ThorpDepartment of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 300 E. Superior Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1387-7058
Xue FengAML, Department of Engineering Mechanics Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9242-8474
Yonggang HuangCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0483-8359
Joseph ForbessChildren's Heart Program, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine 110 S. Paca Street Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Zhi-Dong GeDepartment of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 300 E. Superior Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. zhi-dong.ge@northwestern.edu jrogers@northwestern.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7045-0846
John A RogersCenter for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. zhi-dong.ge@northwestern.edu jrogers@northwestern.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-3830-5980

Funding

Efferocytosis-Directed Inflammation Resolution and Repair in the Hypoxic HeartR01HL122309 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI THORP, EDWARD BENJAMIN · 2014 to 2024
$5.0M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL122309
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurate, real-time monitoring of intravascular oxygen levels is important in tracking the cardiopulmonary health of patients after cardiothoracic surgery. Existing technologies use intravascular placement of glass fiber-optic catheters that pose risks of blood vessel damage, thrombosis, and infection. In addition, physical tethers to power supply systems and data acquisition hardware limit freedom of movement and add clutter to the intensive care unit. This report introduces a wireless, miniaturized, implantable optoelectronic catheter system incorporating optical components on the probe, encapsulated by soft biocompatible materials, as alternative technology that avoids these disadvantages. The absence of physical tethers and the flexible, biocompatible construction of the probe represent key defining features, resulting in a high-performance, patient-friendly implantable oximeter that can monitor localized tissue oxygenation, heart rate, and respiratory activity with wireless, real-time, continuous operation. In vitro and in vivo testing shows that this platform offers measurement accuracy and precision equivalent to those of existing clinical standards.

Identifiers

PMID33568482
PMCPMC7875528

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.