Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33568180›Full record

SynthesisReproductive health2021

The unmet needs for modern family planning methods among postpartum women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review of the literature.

Jumaine Gahungu, Mariam Vahdaninia, Pramod R Regmi

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Reproductive health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  7. Determinants of children ever born among women in Somalia: a national survey study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026
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19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jumaine GahunguMartin Luther King University, Bujumbura, Burundi. jimmygah@gmail.com.
Mariam VahdaniniaPeninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
Pramod R RegmiFaculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth Gateway Building, 10 St Paul's Ln, BH8 8AJ, Bournemouth, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSub-Saharan Africa has the highest fertility rate in the world, with the highest unmet need for family planning (FP). Yet, there is a lack of knowledge about the determinants for non-utilisation of modern contraceptive methods among women of reproductive age. This systematic review of literature assessed factors affecting the unmet need and reasons for non-utilisation of modern contraceptive methods during the postpartum period in Sub-Saharan African women.

methodsAn online literature search was conducted in several databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane Review, PubMed, Elsevier's Science Direct and Web of Science. The search was completed by hand searching. Data were extracted and summarised using the Arksey and O'Malley methodology.

resultsIn total, 19 studies were included; one qualitative study, seventeen quantitative, and one used a mixed-methods approach. Studies were conducted in Ethiopia (n = 11), Nigeria (n = 3), Kenya (n = 2), Malawi (n = 2) and Uganda (n = 1). Factors affecting the unmet need for modern contraceptive methods were described at three levels: (a) individual; (b) household; and (c) healthcare facility level. Reasons for non-use of FP included: fear of side effects; husband's disapproval; the absence of menses; abstinence; and low perception of risk of pregnancy.

conclusionUnmet needs in postpartum FP in women from Sub-Saharan Africa were associated with health-system and socio-demographic determinants. We suggest that there is a need to improve the awareness of modern contraceptive methods through effective interventions. Further research is needed for under-studied countries in this continent.

Indexed as

ContraceptionContraception BehaviorAdultFamily Planning ServicesFemaleHealth Services Needs and DemandHumansNeeds AssessmentPostpartum PeriodPregnancyContraceptionFamily planningModern contraception methodsPostpartumUnmet needWomen of reproductive age

Identifiers

PMID33568180
PMCPMC7877117

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.