SynthesisInternational journal for equity in health2021
Socioeconomic inequalities in primary-care and specialist physician visits: a systematic review.
Synthesis in International journal for equity in health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of causal pathways of socioeconomic inequalities in stroke.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026Pooled it
- Breast cancer recurrence: socioeconomic position and general practice involvement - a nationwide cohort study in Denmark.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- The Association Between Socioeconomic Factors and the Clinical Course of Nonoperatively Treated Pediatric Scaphoid Fractures.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2026Article
- Distance to Care, Regional Context, and Survival in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.Journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Disparity in disease, equality in death? Socioeconomic disparities in life expectancy after disease onset: a full-population cohort study over 64 non-communicable diseases in Denmark 2013-2022.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health Service Utilization in the Peruvian Population: A National Population-Based Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dynamics of healthcare inequalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus across the COVID-19 pandemic: a real-world population-based study.BMC health services research · 2026Observational
- Use of general practitioner services among high-cost older patients in somatic hospitals - a Norwegian registry-based study.BMC health services research · 2026Observational
- Healthcare utilisation patterns among frail individuals aged 50+ years: results from the Lolland-Falster Population Study (LOFUS).BMJ open · 2026Article
- Health care utilization up to 11 years after diagnosis among patients with a hematologic malignancy and its association with socioeconomic position.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Facial Synkinesis Severity.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- The 'hub' model for colorectal surgery: a viable paradigm shift?Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England · 2026Article
- Young adults with a history of depression and/or anxiety: the role of sociodemographic and health-related factors in not being sickness absent.Journal of occupational health · 2026Article
- Osteoarthritis in older adults: A global health challenge and the role of high BMI in shaping disease trends.PloS one · 2026Article
- Insights from older adults in North Carolina: Understanding social determinants of health through focus groups.Journal of health equity · 2026Article
- COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and all-cause mortality in the adult population in Norway during 2021-2023: a population-based cohort study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Specialist care improves diagnosis and treatment for patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: A real-world survey.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2026Article
- Health and social services utilisation of adults with a cochlear implant: evidence from a national person-level integrated data asset in Australia.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- [Predictors of the appropriateness of first presentation in an university ophthalmology outpatient clinic: an analysis of sociodemographic factors].Die Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Educational level, clinical outcomes and quality of care in a Swiss cohort of patients with acute coronary syndromes.European journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUtilization of primary-care and specialist physicians seems to be associated differently with socioeconomic status (SES). This review aims to summarize and compare the evidence on socioeconomic inequalities in consulting primary-care or specialist physicians in the general adult population in high-income countries.
methodsWe carried out a systematic search across the most relevant databases (Web of Science, Medline) and included all studies, published since 2004, reporting associations between SES and utilization of primary-care and/or specialist physicians. In total, 57 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria.
resultsMany studies found socioeconomic inequalities in physician utilization, but inequalities were more pronounced in visiting specialists than primary-care physicians. The results of the studies varied strongly according to the operationalization of utilization, namely whether a physician was visited (probability) or how often a physician was visited (frequency). For probabilities of visiting primary-care physicians predominantly no association with SES was found, but frequencies of visits were higher in the most disadvantaged. The most disadvantaged often had lower probabilities of visiting specialists, but in many studies no link was found between the number of visits and SES.
conclusionThis systematic review emphasizes that inequalities to the detriment of the most deprived is primarily a problem in the probability of visiting specialist physicians. Healthcare policy should focus first off on effective access to specialist physicians in order to tackle inequalities in healthcare. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019123222 .
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.