ArticleArquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia
Orbital lymphatic vessels: immunohistochemical detection in the lacrimal gland, optic nerve, fat tissue, and extrinsic oculomotor muscles.
Article in Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Orbital floor fracture (blow out) and its repercussions on eye movement: a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2024Pooled it
- Central nervous system lymphatic network: from the maintenance of brain homeostasis to emerging therapeutic perspectives in neurodegenerative diseases.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Ocular Lymphatics in Health and Disease.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advances in the Understanding of ocular and nasal lymphatics.BMC immunology · 2025Review
- The Ocular Glymphatic System-Current Understanding and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo identify the lymphatic vessels in orbital specimens from human cadavers using light microscopy and immunohistochemical analysis.
methodsA postmortem study included 10 orbital specimens from 10 human cadavers. The orbital specimens were obtained no later than 12 hours after death. The orbital specimens were dissected into lacrimal gland, optic nerve, fat tissue, and oculomotor muscles. The histologic criteria to qualify as a lymphatic vessel were thin-walled channels of endothelium without a well-developed basal membrane and with an erythrocyte-free, irregular lumen. The immunohistochemical criteria were irregularly shaped, thin-walled vessels with an erythrocyte-free, irregular lumen and immunopositivity for podoplanin D2-40.
resultsThe lacrimal gland, optic nerve, fat tissue, and extraocular muscle sections were positively stained with podoplanin D2-40.
conclusionsThis study demonstrated lymphatic vessels in the human orbit, more precisely, in the lacrimal gland, dura mater of the optic nerve, adipose tissue, and extrinsic oculomotor muscles via light microscopy and immunohistochemistry.
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Registered trials
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