Trial reportInternational urogynecology journal2022
Involuntary reflexive pelvic floor muscle training in addition to standard training versus standard training alone for women with stress urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in International urogynecology journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparisons of approaches to pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence in women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Influence of pelvic floor muscle training alone or as part of a general physical activity program during pregnancy on urinary incontinence, episiotomy and third- or fourth-degree perineal tear: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Quality of Life in Women with Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Pooled it
- Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Urinary Incontinence with or without Biofeedback or Electrostimulation in Women: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Cough-Induced Contraction Response Time and Strength of the Pelvic Floor Muscles Between Women with and Without Stress Urinary Incontinence.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Women.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2023Review
- Intervention effects maintenance: 6-month randomized controlled trial follow-up of standard and reflexive pelvic floor muscle training.AJOG global reports · 2022Article
- Urinary and anal incontinence among female gymnasts and cheerleaders-bother and associated factors. A cross-sectional study.International urogynecology journal · 2022Article
- Urinary Incontinence: Epidemiology and Physiotherapeutic Approaches- A Systematic Review.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineReview
- Prevalence of urinary incontinence and knowledge of pelvic floor muscle training among older women in a Nigerian suburban community.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisAlthough involuntary reflexive pelvic floor muscle contractions seem crucial during stress urinary incontinence-provoking situations, hitherto existing guidelines feature voluntary pelvic floor muscle training only. Two pelvic floor muscle protocols were compared regarding their effect on stress urinary incontinence in women: one focusing on standard physiotherapy with voluntary pelvic floor muscle training, the other additionally including involuntary reflexive pelvic floor muscle training.
methodsThis study was designed as a triple-blind prospective randomized controlled trial with women suffering from stress urinary incontinence with two physiotherapy intervention groups (control group: standard physiotherapy, n = 48, experimental group: standard physiotherapy plus involuntary reflexive pelvic floor muscle training triggered by whole-body movements such as jumps n = 48). Both interventions lasted 16 weeks (9 personal physiotherapy consultations and 78 home training sessions). Group differences and development over time were analyzed concerning the primary outcome International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence short form (ICIQ-UIsf) by mixed effect regression models.
resultsThe ICIQ-UIsf score decreased significantly over time for both groups by about 3 points from about 10 to about 7 points with no group differences at any point in time. DISCUSSION: This trial did not find any additional benefit for stress urinary incontinence by adding involuntary reflexive pelvic floor muscle training to standard training. Both training protocols showed similar clinically relevant improvements; however, there was still moderate incontinence after interventions. Future studies should test and apply pelvic floor muscle function-oriented training methods for pelvic floor muscle hypertrophy, intramuscular coordination, and power, which are more in line with conventional skeletal muscle training, i.e., performed with higher intensities and workout.
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Registered trials
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