ArticleJournal of medical virology2021
The challenge of avidity determination in SARS-CoV-2 serology.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of early COVID-19 treatment with convalescent plasma on antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Trial
- Avidity of autoantibodies against type I interferons as a factor associated with neurological complications in severe COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Type I interferon autoantibody footprints reveal neutralizing mechanisms and allow inhibitory decoy design.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- A TriAdj-AdjuvantedVaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- The quantity and quality of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies show contrariwise association with COVID-19 severity: lessons learned from IgG avidity.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in a population with and without a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.Irish journal of medical science · 2023Article
- Antibody Avidity Maturation Following Recovery From Infection or the Booster Vaccination Grants Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Capacity.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Differential avidity determination of IgG directed towards the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and its variants in one assay: Rational tool for the assessment of protective immunity.Journal of medical virology · 2022Article
- The influence of time on the sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 serological testing.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Characterizing Kinetics and Avidity of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses in COVID-19 Greek Patients.Viruses · 2022Article
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: An Adaptable Methodology to Study SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Detailed epitope mapping of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein reveals specific immunoresponse in cats and dogs housed with COVID-19 patients.Research in veterinary science · 2022Article
- The Influence of Time on the Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 Serological Testing.Research square · 2022Article
- Poor neutralization and rapid decay of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccinated dialysis patients.PloS one · 2022Article
- Antibody Avidity and Neutralizing Response against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant after Infection or Vaccination.Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- Vaccination versus infection with SARS-CoV-2: Establishment of a high avidity IgG response versus incomplete avidity maturation.Journal of medical virology · 2021Article
- Kinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels and potential influential factors in subjects with COVID-19: A 11-month follow-up study.Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2021Article
- Dynamics of IgG-avidity and antibody levels after Covid-19.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The serological responses towards severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleoprotein, receptor-binding domain (RBD), and spike protein S1 are characterized by incomplete avidity maturation. Analysis with varying concentrations of urea allows to determine distinct differences in avidity maturation, though the total process remains at an unusually low level. Despite incomplete avidity maturation, this approach allows to define early and late stages of infection. It therefore can compensate for the recently described irregular kinetic patterns of immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G (IgG) directed towards SARS-CoV-2 antigens. The serological responses towards seasonal coronaviruses neither have a negative nor positive impact on SARS-CoV-2 serology in general. Avidity determination in combination with measurement of antibody titers and complexity of the immune response allows to clearly differentiate between IgG responses towards seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2. Cross-reactions seem to occur with very low probability. They can be recognized by their pattern of response and through differential treatment with urea. As high avidity has been shown to be essential in several virus systems for the protective effect of neutralizing antibodies, it should be clarified whether high avidity of IgG directed towards RBD indicates protective immunity. If this is the case, monitoring of avidity should be part of the optimization of vaccination programs.
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