ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2021
A proposal for a new classification of coracobrachialis muscle morphology.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evidence regarding the coracobrachialis longus muscle: is it certain?Anatomical science international · 2026Article
- Comparative Anatomy of the Coracobrachialis Muscle: Insights into Human Typical and Variant Morphology.Biology · 2025Review
- Revisiting the Muscles and Nerves of Anterior Compartment of the Arm: A Case Report.Medeniyet medical journal · 2024Article
- Morphological classification, anatomical variations, innervation patterns, musculocutaneous nerve relation of the coracobrachialis muscle: anatomical study and clinical significance.Anatomy & cell biology · 2024Article
- The coracobrachialis muscle: typical morphology, accessory forms, and the issues with terminology.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2024Article
- Coracobrachialis muscle morphology and coexisted neural variants: a cadaveric case series.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- Article
- A rare bilateral variant of the coracobrachialis muscle with supernumerary heads and coexisted variant branching patterns of the brachial plexus and the axillary artery.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- A Proposal for a New Classification of the Supernumerary Heads of the Biceps Brachii Muscle.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Relationships among Coracobrachialis, Biceps Brachii, and Pectoralis Minor Muscles and Their Correlation with Bifurcated Coracoid Process.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Unknown variant of the accessory subscapularis muscle?Anatomical science international · 2022Article
- Is it the coracobrachialis superior muscle, or is it an unidentified rare variant of coracobrachialis muscle?Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2021Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
introductionThe coracobrachialis muscle (CRM) originates from the apex of the coracoid process, in common with the short head of the biceps brachii muscle, and from the intermuscular septum. It inserts to the medial part of the humerus between the attachment of the medial head of the triceps brachii and the brachial muscle. Both the proximal and distal attachments of the CRM, as well as its relationship with the musculocutaneus nerve, demonstrate morphological variability. MATERIAL AND
methodsOne hundred and one upper limbs (52 left, and 49 right) fixed in 10% formalin solution were examined.
resultsThree main types, with subtypes, were identified. The most common was Type I (49.5), characterized by a single muscle belly with a classical origin from the coracoid process, medially and posteriorly to the tendon of the biceps brachii. Type II (42.6%), characterized by two heads, was divided into two subtypes (A-B) depending on its origin: Type IIA, where one head originated from the coracoid process posteriorly to the tendon of the biceps brachii and the second head from the short head of the biceps brachii, and Type IIB, in which both heads originated from the coracoid process; however, the superficial head fused with the insertion of a short head of the biceps brachii, while the deep head was directly originating. Finally, Type III (7.9%) was characterized by three heads: two originated from the coracoid process (superficial and deep), and the third from a short head of the biceps brachii. Two types of insertion and two types of musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) relative to CRM could be distinguished.
conclusionAn adapted classification is needed for all clinicians working in this area, as well as for anatomists. The CRM demonstrates morphological variability in both its proximal and distal attachments, as well as the variable course of the MCN relative to the CRM. WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT "AND" WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE: Not much is known about the variability of coracobrachialis muscle. The present paper introduces a completely new classification, both clinical and anatomical.
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