ArticleCell reports. Medicine2021
Integrated immune dynamics define correlates of COVID-19 severity and antibody responses.
Open access · goldAbstract read
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Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.
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0cells of the map it votes in
105citing papers in PubMed
10.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunomodulatory role of Nanocurcumin in COVID-19 patients with dropped natural killer cells frequency and function.European journal of pharmacology · 2022Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of an MF59-adjuvanted spike glycoprotein-clamp vaccine for SARS-CoV-2: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2021Trial
- The ageing immune system and its battle with viruses.The Journal of general virology · 2026Review
- Efferocytosis of apoptotic bodies drives SARS-CoV-2 infection and macrophage inflammation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Atypical B cells and inflammatory profiles delineate immunity to influenza vaccination in First Nations and non-Indigenous people with chronic multimorbidity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Functional Profile of γδ T Cells in Severe and Moderate COVID-19: A Brazilian Cross-Sectional Study.Cells · 2026Article
- Combating respiratory diseases with mucosal vaccines.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Return to an extreme environment exposure after pulmonary infection: SCUBA diving as a model?Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Abnormal T-Cell activation and cytotoxic T-Cell frequency discriminate symptom severity in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- High expression of interleukin-18 receptor alpha correlates with severe respiratory viral disease and defines T cells with reduced cytotoxic signatures.Nature communications · 2025Article
- HLA-B*15:01-positive severe COVID-19 patients lack CD8Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
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- Article
- High-Dimensional Immunophenotyping of Post-COVID-19 and Post-Influenza Patients Reveals Persistent and Specific Immune Signatures After Acute Respiratory Infection.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Role of antiviral CD8+ T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- A systems biology approach to define SARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Age and Latent Cytomegalovirus Infection Do Not Affect the Magnitude of De Novo SARS-CoV-2-Specific CD8European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Extensive T-Cell Profiling Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with DMTs.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Host-microbe multiomic profiling identifies distinct COVID-19 immune dysregulation in solid organ transplant recipients.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Decoding NAD+ Metabolism in COVID-19: Implications for Immune Modulation and Therapy.Vaccines · 2024Review
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
44 authors at 14 institutions in 4 countries.
Marios KoutsakosDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Louise C RowntreeDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Luca HensenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Brendon Y ChuaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Carolien E van de SandtDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Jennifer R HabelDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Wuji ZhangDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Xiaoxiao JiaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Lukasz KedzierskiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Thomas M AshhurstSydney Cytometry Core Research Facility, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Givanna H PutriCharles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Felix Marsh-WakefieldCharles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Mark N ReadCharles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Davis N EdwardsSchool of Computer Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
E Bridie ClemensDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Chinn Yi WongDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Francesca L MordantDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Jennifer A JunoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Fatima AmanatDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Jennifer AudsleyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Natasha E HolmesDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Claire L GordonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Olivia C SmibertDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Jason A TrubianoCentre for Antibiotic Allergy and Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Carly M HughesMonash Infectious Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Mike CattonVictorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Justin T DenholmDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Steven Y C TongDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Denise L DoolanCentre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
Tom C KotsimbosDepartment of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
David C JacksonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Florian KrammerDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Dale I GodfreyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Amy W ChungDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Nicholas J C KingSydney Cytometry Core Research Facility, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Sharon R LewinDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Adam K WheatleyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Stephen J KentDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Kanta SubbaraoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
James McMahonMonash Infectious Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Irani ThevarajanDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Thi H O NguyenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Allen C ChengSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Katherine KedzierskaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Peter Doherty Institute · AUUniversity of Melbourne · AUUniversity of Sydney · AUMonash University · AUIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre · AUThe Royal Melbourne Hospital · AUAustin Hospital · AUCentenary Institute · AUJames Cook University · AUMonash Health · AUMonash Medical Centre · AUUniversity of Amsterdam · NLVictorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory · AU
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 causes a spectrum of COVID-19 disease, the immunological basis of which remains ill defined. We analyzed 85 SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals at acute and/or convalescent time points, up to 102 days after symptom onset, quantifying 184 immunological parameters. Acute COVID-19 presented with high levels of IL-6, IL-18, and IL-10 and broad activation marked by the upregulation of CD38 on innate and adaptive lymphocytes and myeloid cells. Importantly, activated CXCR3
Indexed as
Antibody FormationAdaptive ImmunityAdultAgedAntibodies, ViralB-LymphocytesCOVID-19FemaleHumansImmunity, InnateInterleukin-18Interleukin-6MaleMiddle AgedReceptors, CXCR3Receptors, Interleukin-6Antibodies, ViralCXCR3 protein, humanInterleukin-18Interleukin-6Receptors, CXCR3Receptors, Interleukin-6acute COVID-19antibody-secreting cellsCD38convalescent COVID-19HLA-DRIL-18IL-6SARS-CoV-2soluble IL-6 receptorT follicular helper cells
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