ArticlemBio2021
Plasticity of the Influenza Virus H5 HA Protein.
Article in mBio, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Syrian hamster is a valuable animal model for evaluating the transmissibility of emerging influenza viruses.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Article
- Mapping hemagglutinin residues driving antigenic diversity in H5Nx avian influenza viruses.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Development of avian influenza A(H5) virus datasets for Nextclade enables rapid and accurate clade assignment.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- A broad-spectrum vaccine candidate against H5 viruses bearing different sub-clade 2.3.4.4 HA genes.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- A sequence-based machine learning model for predicting antigenic distance for H3N2 influenza virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Phylodynamics and Molecular Mutations of the Hemagglutinin Affecting Global Transmission and Host Adaptation of H5Nx Viruses.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Genetic and biological properties of H7N9 avian influenza viruses detected after application of the H7N9 poultry vaccine in China.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Since the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5 subtype, the major viral antigen, hemagglutinin (HA), has undergone constant evolution, resulting in numerous genetic and antigenic (sub)clades. To explore the consequences of amino acid changes at sites that may affect the antigenicity of H5 viruses, we simultaneously mutated 17 amino acid positions of an H5 HA by using a synthetic gene library that, theoretically, encodes all combinations of the 20 amino acids at the 17 positions. All 251 mutant viruses sequenced possessed ≥13 amino acid substitutions in HA, demonstrating that the targeted sites can accommodate a substantial number of mutations. Selection with ferret sera raised against H5 viruses of different clades resulted in the isolation of 39 genotypes. Further analysis of seven variants demonstrated that they were antigenically different from the parental virus and replicated efficiently in mammalian cells. Our data demonstrate the substantial plasticity of the influenza virus H5 HA protein, which may lead to novel antigenic variants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.