ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
CD20 as a gatekeeper of the resting state of human B cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Rituximab in ABO-Compatible Renal Transplantation: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Unsupervised machine learning identifies distinct SLE patient endotypes with differential response to belimumab.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Trial
- B Cell Kinetics upon Therapy Commencement for Active Extrarenal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Relation to Development of Renal Flares: Results from Three Phase III Clinical Trials of Belimumab.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Trial
- Early B Cell and Plasma Cell Kinetics Upon Treatment Initiation Portend Flares in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: AFrontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Mechanism underlying the high regulatory performance of the doxycycline riboswitch G12.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Engineering aptamer dimers (apdimers) for optimization of synthetic riboswitches.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Exploiting conformational changes in a caffeine aptamer to engineer synthetic RNA devices.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- CD20 tails interact with the 14-3-3/GEF-H1 complex and microtubule network upon PKCδ phosphorylation.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Entry Without Expression: Internalisation Does Not Predict mRNA Translation for Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles.Small science · 2026Article
- CD72 downregulation on DN2 B cells is associated with disease activity and resistance to rituximab in systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Ublituximab Compared with Other Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibodies for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Modulating immune response for the prevention and treatment of type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Leveraging single B cell antibody platforms to develop countermeasures against animal viral diseases: recent advances and future perspectives.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Immuno-oncological Challenges and Chemoresistance in Veterinary Medicine: Probiotics as a New Strategic Tool.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- The biochemical function of bivalent aptamer assemblies against B cell markers CD19 and CD20.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Article
- Rituximab-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease: A Possible Underestimated Complication-A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2025Review
- The multifaceted role of PUMA in cell death pathways: its therapeutic potential across cancer types.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Beyond the niche - unlocking the full potential of synthetic riboswitches.Nature communications · 2025Review
- Efficacy and safety of ublituximab for relapsing multiple sclerosis patients: current evidence and expert opinion.Journal of neurology · 2025Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CD20 is a B cell-specific membrane protein and represents an attractive target for therapeutic antibodies. Despite widespread usage of anti-CD20 antibodies for B cell depletion therapies, the biological function of their target remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that CD20 controls the nanoscale organization of receptors on the surface of resting B lymphocytes. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ablation of CD20 in resting B cells resulted in relocalization and interaction of the IgM-class B cell antigen receptor with the coreceptor CD19. This receptor rearrangement led to a transient activation of B cells, accompanied by the internalization of many B cell surface marker proteins. Reexpression of CD20 restored the expression of the B cell surface proteins and the resting state of Ramos B cells. Similarly, treatment of Ramos or naive human B cells with the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab induced nanoscale receptor rearrangements and transient B cell activation in vitro and in vivo. A departure from the resting B cell state followed by the loss of B cell identity of CD20-deficient Ramos B cells was accompanied by a PAX5 to BLIMP-1 transcriptional switch, metabolic reprogramming toward oxidative phosphorylation, and a shift toward plasma cell development. Thus, anti-CD20 engagement or the loss of CD20 disrupts membrane organization, profoundly altering the fate of human B cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.