ArticleDiabetes care2021
Comparisons of Polyexposure, Polygenic, and Clinical Risk Scores in Risk Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes.
Article in Diabetes care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06141369 (Treatment of Advanced Endocrine Tumor With Iindividualized mRNA Neoantigen Vaccine), which is not on this map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Treatment of Advanced Endocrine Tumor With Iindividualized mRNA Neoantigen Vaccine (mRNA-0523-L001)
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Exposome-wide association study and predictive risk score for incident Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Vision for Exposomics-Scale Investigation: A Heuristic for Exposure-Wide Association Studies (ExWAS).Environmental science & technology · 2026Review
- Quantifying the utility of type 2 diabetes polygenic risk score for predicting incident diabetes: an analysis of large US-based cohort studies.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- Co-designing an Outpatient Clinical Decision Support Prototype for Managing Social Risks in Patients Living with Dementia.Applied clinical informatics · 2026Article
- Phenome-derived polygenic scores and social determinants jointly shape context-dependent disease risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Incorporating polygenic risk scores and social determinants of health across populations: Considerations and best practices in research.American journal of human genetics · 2026Review
- The case for space as a model of accelerated aging.Nature aging · 2026Review
- An atlas of exposome-phenome associations in health and disease risk.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- A dose-response study of the association between MRI-derived liver proton density fat fraction and prevalent T2DM in postmenopausal women with abnormal glucose metabolism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Integrating Polygenic Scores with Clinical, Lifestyle, and Social Risk Factors to Improve Heart Failure Risk Prediction.Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing · 2026Article
- Toward personalized medicine in AD/ADRD through genetic-exposome dementia risk assessments.NPJ dementia · 2026Review
- Exposome-wide associations and polyexposure risks of workplace chemical exposures on adult asthma: The Personalized Environment and Genes Study (PEGS).Environmental research · 2025Article
- How exposomic tools complement and enrich genomic research.Cell genomics · 2025Review
- Pathway insights and predictive modeling for type 2 diabetes using polygenic risk scores.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clinical use of polygenic scores in type 2 diabetes: challenges and possibilities.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Human Plasma Proteomics Links Modifiable Lifestyle Exposome to Disease Risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Integrating exposomics into biomedicine.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Combining genetic and non-genetic factors to predict the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Elevated prolactin levels before endometrial transformation negatively impact reproductive outcomes in frozen embryo transfer cycles under hormone replacement therapy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo establish a polyexposure score (PXS) for type 2 diabetes (T2D) incorporating 12 nongenetic exposures and examine whether a PXS and/or a polygenic risk score (PGS) improves diabetes prediction beyond traditional clinical risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe identified 356,621 unrelated individuals from the UK Biobank of White British ancestry with no prior diagnosis of T2D and normal HbA
resultsIn the study population, 7,513 had incident T2D. The C-statistics for the PGS, PXS, and CRS models were 0.709, 0.762, and 0.839, respectively. Individuals in the top 10% of PGS, PXS, and CRS had 2.00-, 5.90-, and 9.97-fold greater risk, respectively, compared to the remaining population. Addition of PGS and PXS to CRS improved T2D classification accuracy, with a continuous net reclassification index of 15.2% and 30.1% for cases, respectively, and 7.3% and 16.9% for controls, respectively.
conclusionsFor T2D, the PXS provides modest incremental predictive value over established clinical risk factors. However, the concept of PXS merits further consideration in T2D risk stratification and is likely to be useful in other chronic disease risk prediction models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.