Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33562846›Full record

SynthesisToxins2021

Therapeutic Use of Botulinum Neurotoxins in Dermatology: Systematic Review.

Emanuela Martina, Federico Diotallevi, Giulia Radi, Anna Campanati, Annamaria Offidani

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05456087 phase2active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Use of Botulinum Toxin in the Treatment of Androgenic Alopecia

TypeinterventionalSponsorZel Skin and Laser SpecialistsRan2022 to 2024Enrolled20ConditionsAndrogenetic AlopeciaArmsincobotulinumtoxin A
NCT07788326 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

20% Alcohol With Steroid Local Anesthetic Technique Versus Steroid Local Anesthetic Technique Only in Stellate Ganglion Injection in Idiopathic Palmar Hyperhydrosis: A Controlled Randomised Study.

TypeinterventionalSponsorFayoum University HospitalRan2026 to 2027Enrolled50ConditionsHyperhidrosisArmsGroup A, Group B
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Emanuela MartinaDermatological Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, 60020 Ancona, Italy.
Federico DiotalleviDermatological Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, 60020 Ancona, Italy.
Giulia RadiDermatological Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, 60020 Ancona, Italy.
Anna CampanatiDermatological Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, 60020 Ancona, Italy.
Annamaria OffidaniDermatological Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, 60020 Ancona, Italy.
Marche Polytechnic University · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Botulinum toxin is a superfamily of neurotoxins produced by the bacterium Clostridium Botulinum with well-established efficacy and safety profile in focal idiopathic hyperhidrosis. Recently, botulinum toxins have also been used in many other skin diseases, in off label regimen. The objective of this manuscript is to review and analyze the main therapeutic applications of botulinum toxins in skin diseases. A systematic review of the published data was conducted, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Botulinum toxins present several label and off-label indications of interest for dermatologists. The best-reported evidence concerns focal idiopathic hyperhidrosis, Raynaud phenomenon, suppurative hidradenitis, Hailey-Hailey disease, epidermolysis bullosa simplex Weber-Cockayne type, Darier's disease, pachyonychia congenita, aquagenic keratoderma, alopecia, psoriasis, notalgia paresthetica, facial erythema and flushing, and oily skin. Further clinical trials are still needed to better understand the real efficacy and safety of these applications and to standardize injection and doses protocols for off label applications.

Indexed as

DermatologyBotulinum ToxinsDermatologic AgentsFemaleHumansMaleOff-Label UsePatient SafetyRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSkin DiseasesTreatment OutcomeBotulinum ToxinsDermatologic Agentsalopeciaaquagenic keratodermabotulinum toxinDarier’s diseasedermatologyepidermolysis bullosa simplex Weber–Cockayne typefacial erythema and flushingfocal idiopathic hyperhidrosisHailey–Hailey diseasenotalgia parestheticaoily skinpachyonychia congenitapsoriasisRaynaud phenomenonskin diseasessuppurative hidradenitis

Identifiers

PMID33562846
PMCPMC7915854
OpenAlexW3128733873

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.