ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
FNDC5/Irisin System in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Update and Novel Perspective.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between circulating irisin level and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Irisin Level and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Single-Bout Endurance Exercise Intensity on Peripheral Neurotrophic Factors in Patients With Ischemic Stroke During the Subacute Phase of Rehabilitation.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Trial
- Irisin-BDNF axis mediates muscle-brain communication: a complete molecular cascade and potential bidirectional feedback from peripheral activation to central protection.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Phytochemicals and Irisin as Multi-Target Regulators of Adipose Tissue Browning and Metabolic Reprogramming: Synergies with GLP-1 Pathways.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Integrated Characterization of ceRNA (circRNA/lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA) Regulatory Networks in aAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Irisin Restrains Oligodendroglial Ferroptosis to Preserve White Matter After Traumatic Brain Injury via AMPK Activation.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Exercise-associated changes in leptin and irisin relate to cognitive function in older adults stratified by cognitive impairment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Muscle-brain crosstalk as a driver of brain health in aging.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Could brain-derived neurotrophic factor, irisin, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma be a pathway in cognitive impairment in schizophrenia?BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Muscle and mind: rewiring cognitive-motor recovery through exercise-responsive neurophysiology in neurological populations.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- The neuro-immuno-metabolic axis of exercise: a unified mechanistic framework for exercise-induced cognitive enhancement and psychological resilience.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Irisin hampers β-amyloid-induced microglial inflammationFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Protective Role of Physical Exercise and Exercise-Induced FNDC5/Irisin in Combating Diabetes-Related Cognitive Impairment and Autonomic and Peripheral Neuropathies: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Review
- Chrono-combined aerobic-resistance exercises as therapeutic approach to reverse neurodegeneration in rat model: a detailed protocol.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Irisin-Treg crosstalk: unveiling a mechanism in neural cognitive regulation.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Irisin, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), and Redox Balance in Geriatric Dynapenia.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Role and Functions of Irisin: A Perspective on Recent Developments and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effects of Pretreatment With Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on FNDC5, Irisin, and BDNF Levels, and Amyloid-Beta (Aβ) Plaque Formation in the Hippocampus of Aβ-Induced Alzheimer's Disease Rats.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Bone Adaptations to a Whole Body Vibration Protocol in Murine Models of Different Ages: A Preliminary Study on Structural Changes and Biomarker Evaluation.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Irisin, the circulating peptide originating from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), is mainly expressed by muscle fibers under peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha PGC1α control during exercise. In addition to several beneficial effects on health, physical activity positively affects nervous system functioning, particularly the hippocampus, resulting in amelioration of cognition impairments. Recently, FNDC5/irisin detection in hippocampal neurons and the presence of irisin in the cerebrospinal fluid opened a new intriguing chapter in irisin history. Interestingly, in the hippocampus of mice, exercise increases FNDC5 levels and upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. BDNF, displaying neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects, is mainly produced by microglia and astrocytes. In this review, we discuss how these glial cells can morphologically and functionally switch during neuroinflammation by modulating the expression of a plethora of neuroprotective or neurotoxic factors. We also focus on studies investigating the irisin role in neurodegenerative diseases (ND). The emerging involvement of irisin as a mediator of the multiple positive effects of exercise on the brain needs further studies to better deepen this issue and the potential use in therapeutic approaches for neuroinflammation and ND.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.