ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Thermo-Responsive PLGA-PEG-PLGA Hydrogels as Novel Injectable Platforms for Neuroprotective Combined Therapies in the Treatment of Retinal Degenerative Diseases.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Programming Hydrogel Release Kinetics to Tissue Healing Phases: From Network Design to Therapeutic Synchronization.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Research advances in intelligent microenvironment-responsive hydrogels for myocardial infarction therapy.APL bioengineering · 2026Review
- The diabetic retina-brain axis hypothesis in diabetic cognitive impairment: from pathophysiological mechanisms to therapeutic implications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Ketorolac, melatonin and latanoprost tri-loaded PLGA microspheres for neuroprotection in glaucoma.Drug delivery · 2025Article
- Multiscale Design of Dental Restorative Materials: Mechanistic Foundations, Technological Innovations, and Clinical Translation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Tailored Thermoresponsive Polyurethane Hydrogels: Structure-Property Relationships for Injectable Biomedical Applications.Polymers · 2025Article
- Biofunctional Excipients: Their Emerging Role in Overcoming the Inherent Poor Biopharmaceutical Characteristics of Drugs.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Long-acting parenteral formulations of hydrophilic drugs, proteins, and peptide therapeutics: mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic benefits with a focus on technologies.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Lights and Shadows.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Ginsenoside Rg3 Improved Age-Related Macular Degeneration Through Inhibiting ROS-Mediated Mitochondrion-Dependent Apoptosis In Vivo and In Vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Smart molecules in ophthalmology: Hydrogels as responsive systems for ophthalmic applications.Smart molecules : open access · 2024Review
- Hydrogels in Ophthalmology: Novel Strategies for Overcoming Therapeutic Challenges.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A thermosensitive gel matrix for bioreactor-assisted in-cell NMR of nucleic acids and proteins.Journal of biomolecular NMR · 2023Article
- Neurotrophic factor-based pharmacological approaches in neurological disorders.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Delivery Systems in Ocular Retinopathies: The Promising Future of Intravitreal Hydrogels as Sustained-Release Scaffolds.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- The Role of Citicoline and Coenzyme Q10 in Retinal Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Ocular Delivery of Therapeutic Proteins: A Review.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- PLGA-based drug delivery systems in treating bone tumors.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Drug delivery systems based on polyethylene glycol hydrogels for enhanced bone regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Optimization of an Injectable Hydrogel Depot System for the Controlled Release of Retinal-Targeted Hybrid Nanoparticles.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The present study aims to develop a thermo-responsive-injectable hydrogel (HyG) based on PLGA-PEG-PLGA (PLGA = poly-(DL-lactic acid co-glycolic acid); PEG = polyethylene glycol) to deliver neuroprotective agents to the retina over time. Two PLGA-PEG PLGA copolymers with different PEG:LA:GA ratios (1:1.54:23.1 and 1:2.25:22.5) for HyG-1 and HyG-2 development respectively were synthetized and characterized by different techniques (gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), critical micelle concentration (CMC), gelation and rheological behaviour). According to the physicochemical characterization, HyG-1 was selected for further studies and loaded with anti-inflammatory drugs: dexamethasone (0.2%), and ketorolac (0.5%), alone or in combination with the antioxidants idebenone (1 µM) and D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) (0.002%). In vitro drug release and cytotoxicity studies were performed for the active substances and hydrogels (loaded and drug-free). A cellular model based on oxidative stress was optimized for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant screening of the formulations by using retinal-pigmented epithelial cell line hTERT (RPE-1). The copolymer 1, used to prepare thermo-responsive HyG-1, showed low polydispersity (PDI = 1.22) and a strong gel behaviour at 25% (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.