ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Inflammatory Depression-Mechanisms and Non-Pharmacological Interventions.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07684911 (Longitudinal Study on the Sustainability of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocols - Biomarkers), which is not on this map. Cited by 65 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Longitudinal Study on the Sustainability of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocols - Biomarkers
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on depression in obese individuals: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and tolerability of nutraceuticals for depressive disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Association of sugar consumption with risk of depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Lipopolysaccharide-induced depression-like model in mice: meta-analysis and systematic evaluation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Predictors of benefits and safety events from participation in a lifestyle therapy trial for adults with depression: A secondary analysis of the CALM randomised controlled trial.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Citalopram Neuroendocrine Challenge Shows Altered Tryptophan and Kynurenine Metabolism in Migraine.Cells · 2022Trial
- Plasma proteomic profile of inflammatory depressive symptoms.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Clinical innovations and future directions of nanoparticles in the treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Dissecting pleiotropy between major depressive disorder and physical disease comorbidities.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Immunological aspects and quality of life among patients with lichen sclerosus.Skin health and disease · 2026Review
- Mechanism-First Psychobiotics: Fermented Vegetables, Dairy, and Soy for Depression and Anxiety.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- [Inflammatory depression: a review of advances in pathophysiology, clinical implications, and treatment].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2026Review
- Kynurenine pathway metabolites are increased in inflammatory depression and decrease with omega-3 treatment.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Pharmacotherapeutic Management of Depression in Patients With Cancer: A Review of Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Review
- Gingerol-Enriched Ginger Extract Effects on Anxiety-like Behavior in a Neuropathic Pain Model via Colonic Microbiome-Neuroimmune Modulation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Integrated transcriptomic and machine learning analysis reveals novel diagnostic biomarkers for adolescent major depressive disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Effect of Venlafaxine on Inflammatory Level in Patients with Depression.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
- Polyphenol Consumption and Its Association with Physical and Mental Health in Adults with Major Depressive Disorder.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Microbiota-host crosstalk: the role of short-term dietary restriction in neurological and metabolic dysregulation.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Treatment of depression is hampered by the failure to identify distinct symptom profiles with distinct pathophysiologies that differentially respond to distinct treatments. We posit that inflammatory depression is a meaningful depression subtype associated with specific symptoms and biological abnormalities. We review several upstream, potentially causative, mechanisms driving low-grade inflammation in this subtype of depression. We also discuss downstream mechanisms mediating the link between inflammation and symptoms of depression, including alterations in dopaminergic neurotransmission and tryptophan metabolism. Finally, we review evidence for several non-pharmacological interventions for inflammatory depression, including probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, and physical exercise interventions. While some evidence suggests that these interventions may be efficacious in inflammatory depression, future clinical trials should consider enriching patient populations for inflammatory markers, or stratify patients by inflammatory status, to confirm or refute this hypothesis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.