Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33560203›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2021

Automatic classification of excitation location of snoring sounds.

Jingpeng Sun, Xiyuan Hu, Silong Peng, Chung-Kang Peng, Yan Ma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jingpeng SunInstitute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiyuan HuSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Silong PengInstitute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Chung-Kang PengDivision of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Yan MaDivision of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesFor surgical treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, it is crucial to locate accurately the obstructive sites in the upper airway; however, noninvasive methods for locating the obstructive sites have not been well explored. Snoring, as the cardinal symptom of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, should contain information that reflects the state of the upper airway. Through the classification of snores produced at four different locations, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that snores generated by various obstructive sites differ.

methodsWe trained and tested our model on a public data set that comprised 219 participants. For each snore episode, an acoustic and a physiological feature were extracted and concatenated, forming a 59-dimensional fusion feature. A principal component analysis and a support machine vector were used for dimensional reduction and snore classification. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated using several metrics: sensitivity, precision, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and F1 score.

resultsThe unweighted average values of sensitivity, precision, specificity, area under the curve, and F1 were 86.36%, 89.09%, 96.4%, 87.9%, and 87.63%, respectively. The model achieved 98.04%, 80.56%, 72.73%, and 94.12% sensitivity for types V (velum), O (oropharyngeal), T (tongue), and E (epiglottis) snores.

conclusionsThe characteristics of snores are related to the state of the upper airway. The machine-learning-based model can be used to locate the vibration sites in the upper airway.

Indexed as

Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveSnoringAcousticsHumansPrincipal Component AnalysisSoundmachine learningmultiscale entropyobstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndromesnore classification

Identifiers

PMID33560203
PMCPMC8320490

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.