ReviewIntensive care medicine2021
Respiratory microbiome in mechanically ventilated patients: a narrative review.
Review in Intensive care medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07490028 (Study of the Variation in Viscoelastic Properties of Pulmonary Mucus in Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation With or Without NIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study of the Variation in Viscoelastic Properties of Pulmonary Mucus in Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation With or Without NIV
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation on the Lung Microbiome.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Lung microbiome features associated with ICU delirium in mechanically ventilated patients: a secondary cohort analysis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- The lung microbiome in childhood-onset severe neuromuscular disease with respiratory insufficiency: rationale, current evidence, and opportunities for oxford nanopore long-read sequencing.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Hospital-Acquired/Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Safety and Efficacy of Nebulized Inhalation of Polymyxin B Sulfate for Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Pneumonia: A Multi-Center, Prospective, Observational Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Respiratory Microbiome of Carbapenem-ResistantPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessment of Microbiome-Based Pathogen Detection Using Illumina Short-Read and Nanopore Long-Read Sequencing in 144 Patients Undergoing Bronchoalveolar Lavage in a University Hospital in Germany.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Modeling "Two-Hit" Severe Pneumonia in Mice: Pathological Characteristics and Mechanistic Studies.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Associations Between Candida andMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Lung and gut microbiota profiling in intensive care unit patients: a prospective pilot study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- One lung ventilation during thoracoscopic lobectomy alters lung microbiome miversity and composition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Biofilm Analysis via Sonication in Intensive Care Unit Patients at a County Emergency Hospital in Romania.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Respiratory Microbiome in Elderly Patients on Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation: A Prospective Multi-Center Observational Study.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Observational
- Beyond the organ: lung microbiome shapes transplant indications and outcomes.European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery · 2024Review
- Optimization of lung tissue pre-treatment by bead homogenization for subsequent culturomics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Lung microbiome: new insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- The gut-lung axis in critical illness: microbiome composition as a predictor of mortality at day 28 in mechanically ventilated patients.BMC microbiology · 2023Observational
- Robust airway microbiome signatures in acute respiratory failure and hospital-acquired pneumonia.Nature medicine · 2023Article
- The gut microbiota composition is linked to subsequent occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The respiratory microbiome has been less explored than the gut microbiome. Despite the speculated importance of dysbiosis of the microbiome in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), only few studies have been performed in invasively ventilated ICU patients. And only the results of small cohorts have been published. An overlap exists between bacterial populations observed in the lower respiratory tract and the oropharyngeal tract. The bacterial microbiota is characterized by relatively abundant bacteria difficult to cultivate by standard methods. Under mechanical ventilation, a dysbiosis occurs with a drop overtime in diversity. During VAP development, lung dysbiosis is characterized by a shift towards a dominant bacterial pathogen (mostly Proteobacteria) whereas enrichment of gut-associated bacteria mainly Enterobacteriaceae is the specific feature discriminating ARDS patients. However, the role of this dysbiosis in VAP and ARDS pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. A more in-depth analysis of the interplay between bacteria, virus and fungi and a better understanding of the host-microbiome interaction could provide a more comprehensive view of the role of the microbiome in VAP and ARDS pathogenesis. Priority should be given to validate a consensual and robust methodology for respiratory microbiome research and to conduct longitudinal studies. A deeper understanding of microbial interplay should be a valuable guide for care of ARDS and VAP preventive/therapeutic strategies. We present a review on the current knowledge and expose perspectives and potential clinical applications of respiratory microbiome research in mechanically ventilated patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.