ArticleBMJ open2021
Piloting gender-oriented colorectal cancer screening with a faecal immunochemical test: population-based registry study from Finland.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Benefits of colorectal cancer screening using fecal immunochemical testing with varying positivity thresholds by age and sex.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Europe: Have Studies Included Optimal Screening Intensities?Applied health economics and health policy · 2023Pooled it
- Performance of Faecal Immunochemical Testing for Colorectal Cancer Screening at Varying Positivity Thresholds.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Trial
- Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer in Sweden and Finland: A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study Over Three Decades.Journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Organised Colorectal Cancer Screening and Changes in Mortality and Incidence Trends: A Population-Based Study.Cancers · 2026Article
- Variation in diagnostic performance of fecal immunochemical test (FIT) by cutoffs used in screening programs globally.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Specialized healthcare diagnostic events within one year preceding colorectal cancer diagnosis.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2026Article
- Sex and gender-oriented colorectal cancer screening: a consensus study from the AIOM- GISEG working group.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Recent trends in self-reported utilization of colonoscopy and fecal occult blood test in Europe: analysis of the European Health Interview Surveys 2013-2015 and 2018-2020.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- An Adjustable Positivity Threshold for Non-invasive Screening Tests for Colorectal Neoplasms Can Improve Screening Program Effectiveness and Feasibility.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Review
- Levelling up as a fair solution in AI enabled cancer screening.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Utilization of colorectal cancer screening tests across European countries: a cross-sectional analysis of the European health interview survey 2018-2020.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- Genome-wide polygenic risk scores for colorectal cancer have implications for risk-based screening.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Interval cancer after two rounds of a Swedish population-based screening program using gender-specific cut-off levels in fecal immunochemical test.Journal of medical screening · 2024Article
- Improved use of faecal immunochemical tests for haemoglobin in the Scottish bowel screening programme.Journal of medical screening · 2023Article
- Interval colorectal cancers after negative faecal immunochemical test in the New Zealand Bowel Screening Pilot.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Sex variation in colorectal cancer mortality: trends and implications for screening.European journal of public health · 2023Article
- Use of health services one year before primary colorectal cancer.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Colorectal Cancer Screening Pilot Project in Tehran-Iran, a Feasibility Study.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2023Article
- Interval cancers in a population-based screening program for colorectal cancer with gender-specific cut-off levels for fecal immunochemical test.Journal of medical screening · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the feasibility and evaluate the performance of a relaunched colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programme with different cut-offs for men and women.
designPopulation-based registry study.
settingNine municipalities in Finland which started CRC screening with faecal immunochemical test (FIT) in April 2019 with cut-off levels 70 µg Hg/g faeces for men and 25 µg Hg/g faeces for women.
participantsMen (n=13 059) and women (n=14 669) aged 60-66 years invited to screening during the first programme year. OUTCOME MEASURES: Participation rates, positivity rates, detection rates of CRC and advanced adenoma (AA), and positive predictive values (PPV) of FIT for CRC and AA.
resultsAltogether 21 993 invitees returned stool samples. The participation rate of women (83.4%; 95% CI 82.8 to 84.0) was significantly higher than that of men (74.7%; 95% CI 73.9 to 75.4). The positivity rates were 2.4% (2.2 to 2.7) and 2.8% (2.5 to 3.1), respectively. In total, 37 CRCs and 116 AAs were detected. The detection rates of CRC and AA per 1000 participants were 1.8 (1.1 to 2.9) and 7.2 (5.6 to 9.1) for men and 1.6 (0.9 to 2.4) and 3.8 (2.8 to 5.0) for women. The PPVs per 100 positive tests were 6.6 (4.0 to 10.3) and 25.7 (20.6 to 31.4) for men and 6.4 (3.9 to 9.8) and 15.5 (11.6 to 20.2) for women.
conclusionsThe chosen FIT strategy narrowed the gap in the diagnostic performance between men and women especially in the detection of CRC. The participation rates were excellent. The levels of positivity and detection rates were moderate and need further action. The results indicate that gender-specific protocols can be introduced to organised CRC screening. It is yet to be seen whether they are more effective than a uniform screening protocol.
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