Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33557913›Full record

ReviewVeterinary research2021

The Animal-foods-environment interface of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Germany: an observational study on pathogenicity, resistance development and the current situation.

Gamal Wareth, Heinrich Neubauer

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Veterinary research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
80citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Genomic Surveillance of ESBL-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Evolution and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  6. Bee sting-induced hypervirulentNew microbes and new infections · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Isolation and Characterization of aAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Draft genome sequences of three multidrug-resistantMicrobiology resource announcements · 2026
    Article
  15. Microorganisms · 2026
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Circulation of ESBL-producingFrontiers in public health · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Gamal WarethFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Street 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany. gamal.wareth@fli.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-1932
Heinrich NeubauerFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Street 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany.
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae as a multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogen is an emerging challenge for clinicians worldwide. Virulence factors are capsular antigens, adherence factors, the O-lipopolysaccharide, and siderophores promoting infectivity. Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance are inactivation of compounds via enzymes, change of membrane permeability, and alteration of the target site of the antimicrobial compound. In addition to environmental resistance, K. pneumoniae can survive increasing concentrations of disinfectants, if exposed. This review describes the temporal and spatial distribution of K. pneumoniae in the past decades in Germany, with emphases on the development of resistance in the non-human columns of the One-Health concept. In general, K. pneumoniae is a neglected pathogen in veterinary and environmental health, and the risk of human infection concerning animal contact and food consumption is barely investigated. Few reports exist (n = 26) on antibiotic resistance of isolates from non-human origin. Multi-drug resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (MDR-ESBL) strains also resistant to carbapenems and antibiotics of the ß-lactam group harbor blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCMY, and PMQR have been found in animals, foods, and the environment. Colistin resistant strains carrying the mcr-1 gene were detected in wastewater. The blaCTX-M-15 and blaOXA-48 genes are the most frequently identified AMR genes in isolates of humans and were also the most predominant ESBL-genes in samples collected from animal hosts. Several aspects of the molecular epidemiology and resistance development of K. pneumoniae in farm animal populations, wildlife, and foods need intensive research. Environmental health has to be integrated into national research plans, as a lack of data is apparent. Increasing awareness of the fact that non-human sources can act as a reservoir for this pathogen has to be raised.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialKlebsiella pneumoniaeAnti-Infective AgentsGermanyKlebsiella InfectionsVirulenceAnti-Infective AgentsGermanyKlebsiella pneumoniaeoccurrencepathogenicityresistance developmentreview

Identifiers

PMID33557913
PMCPMC7871605
OpenAlexW3129155305

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.