ArticleBMC psychiatry2021
Factors associated with suicide attempts among Australian transgender adults.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do hormones and surgery improve the health of adults with gender incongruence? A systematic review of patient reported outcomes.ANZ journal of surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Early Access to Testosterone Therapy in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adults Seeking Masculinization: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Mental Health, Gender Dysphoria, and Quality of Life in Trans Individuals Following Top Surgery: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Patterns, motivations, and healthcare experiences of medical cannabis use among gender and sexuality diverse people in Australia: findings from the Cannabis as Medicine Survey 2022 (CAMS-22).Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Mortality among transgender persons: a Taiwan matched-population and sibling-comparison cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Forms of transphobia and their influence on health outcomes among transgender, nonbinary, and gender diverse individuals: a global systematic review.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Identifying Intersecting Factors Associated With Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults: Preliminary Conditional Inference Tree Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Gender Affirming Hormone Treatment for Trans Adolescents: A Four Principles Analysis.Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2024Article
- Review
- The Impact of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Physical Performance.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- Disruption of gender-affirming health care, and COVID-19 illness, testing, and vaccination among trans Australians during the pandemic: a cross-sectional survey.The Medical journal of Australia · 2024Article
- Navigating access to medical gender affirmation in Tasmania, Australia: an exploratory study.International journal of transgender health · 2024Article
- Gender affirmation and mental health in prison: A critical review of current corrections policy for trans people in Australia and New Zealand.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2024Review
- Externalist argument against medical assistance in dying for psychiatric illness.Journal of medical ethics · 2023Article
- Sleep disturbance and suicide risk among sexual and gender minority people.Neurobiology of stress · 2022Article
- Lived experiences of transgender forced migrants and their mental health outcomes: systematic review and meta-ethnography.BJPsych open · 2022Review
- Gender-affirming hormone therapy induces specific DNA methylation changes in blood.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Article
- Correction to: Factors associated with suicide attempts among Australian transgender adults.BMC psychiatry · 2021Article
- Gender-affirming Care for Transgender Patients.Innovations in clinical neuroscienceReview
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTransgender, including gender diverse and non-binary people, henceforth referred to collectively as trans people, are a highly marginalised population with alarming rates of suicidal ideation, attempted suicide and self-harm. We aimed to understand the risk and protective factors of a lifetime history of attempted suicide in a community sample of Australian trans adults to guide better mental health support and suicide prevention strategies.
methodsUsing a non-probability snowball sampling approach, a total of 928 trans adults completed a cross-sectional online survey between September 2017 and January 2018. The survey assessed demographic data, mental health morbidity, a lifetime history of intentional self-harm and attempted suicide, experiences of discrimination, experiences of assault, access to gender affirming healthcare and access to trans peer support groups. Logistic regression was used to examine the risk or protective effect of participant characteristics on the odds of suicide.
resultsOf 928 participants, 85% self-reported a lifetime diagnosis of depression, 63% reported previous self-harm, and 43% had attempted suicide. Higher odds of reporting a lifetime history of suicide attempts were found in people who were; unemployed (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.55 (1.05, 2.29), p = 0.03), had a diagnosis of depression (aOR 3.70 (2.51, 5.45), p < 0.001), desired gender affirming surgery in the future (aOR 1.73 (1.14, 2.61), p = 0.01), had experienced physical assault (aOR 2.01 (1.37, 2.95), p < 0.001) or experienced institutional discrimination related to their trans status (aOR 1.59 (1.14, 2.23), p = 0.007).
conclusionSuicidality is associated with barriers to gender affirming care, gender based victimisation and institutionalised cissexism. Interventions to increase social inclusion, reduce transphobia and enable timely access to gender affirming care, particularly surgical interventions, are potential areas of intervention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.