SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
The Association between Maternal Experiences of Interpersonal Discrimination and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A randomized trial of prenatal cognitive behavioral stress management effects on obstetric health outcomes and infant cortisol levels.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Trial
- Discrimination and risk of spontaneous abortion in a preconception cohort study.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- A decomposition analysis to evaluate the role of social, chemical, and neighborhood factors on the Black/White disparity in preterm birth in Greater Houston, Texas.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Nonresponse Rate to Experiences of Discrimination: A Secondary Analysis of the nuMoM2b Dataset.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Racialized Economic Segregation and Disparities in the Risk of Stillbirth.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- The associations between maternal disability and perinatal outcomes among Black and/or Hispanic women in PRAMS.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Pre-pregnancy characteristics, medical conditions and prenatal support among pregnant women in same-sex relationships: a population-based cohort study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Discrimination exposure and lymphocyte differentiation: Results from the health and retirement study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Self-reported experiences of interpersonal racial discrimination and maternal and neonatal health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
- The impact of state safety-net policies on perinatal birth outcomes by maternal race.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- The influence of maternal life course exposure to neighborhood affluence and disadvantage on Black/White disparities in adverse birth outcomes in South Carolina.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Association between Perceived Ethnic Discrimination and Receipt of COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnancy or Postpartum.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- The Association of Perceived Stress, Glucocorticoids Receptors, and Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene Expression During Pregnancy.Biological research for nursing · 2025Article
- An Interpersonal Physiological Pathway Framework Linking Racism and Well-Being in Black American Families.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Review
- Cultural Adaptation of the Mothers and Babies Online Course for Black Mothers with Preterm Infants: A Delphi Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Experiences of discrimination during pregnancy predict altered neonatal hair cortisol at birth.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Fecundability in Association With Everyday and Lifetime Discrimination.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Enabling discovery of the social determinants of health: using a specialized lens to see beyond the surface.Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA · 2025Article
- Experiences of discrimination across the life course among pregnancy planners in the United States and Canada.SSM - population health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the present systematic review, we argue that maternal experiences of interpersonal discrimination at least partially account for the disproportionate rates of adverse birth outcomes in minority populations. Since the 1990s, research in this area has slowly, but steadily increased, shedding more light on the insidious nature of interpersonal discrimination and its toxic health effects. With the aim of bringing this topic to the fore in academic as well as clinical settings, this paper provides a state-of-the-art review of the empirical knowledge on the relationship between maternal experiences of discrimination and birth outcomes. Of 5901 articles retained in the literature search, 28 met the predefined inclusion criteria. Accounting for a range of health and behavioral factors, the vast majority of these studies support the notion that maternal experiences of interpersonal discrimination predict a range of adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and various physiological markers of stress (allostatic load) in both mother and child pre- and postpartum. Several moderators and mediators of this relationship were also identified. These related primarily to the type (first-hand and vicarious), timing (childhood, adolescence, and adulthood), frequency, and pervasiveness of discrimination experienced, as well as to maternal mental health and coping. More research into these factors, however, is required to definitively determine their significance. We discuss these findings as they relate to the general health repercussions of interpersonal discrimination, as well as in terms of applied prenatal care and interventions. Ultimately, we argue that assessing maternal experiences of interpersonal discrimination in prenatal care may represent a considerable asset for mitigating existing majority-minority disparities in adverse birth outcomes.
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