Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33557078›Full record

ReviewPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021

The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance.

Beata Kowalska-Krochmal, Ruth Dudek-Wicher

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 396 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
396citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
94.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

396 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 941 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Biological Mechanisms of Polyphenols againstInfectious disorders drug targets · 2025
    Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Artificial Intelligence-Guided Phenotypic Drug Repurposing Against Streptococcus pneumoniae.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. The PRECISE framework: a structured approach to antibiogram interpretation for antimicrobial optimization at the bedside.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Phenotypic and Genomic Analysis of Swine-DerivedAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy reprograms resistance by inducing sensitization in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

336 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Beata Kowalska-KrochmalDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Silesian Piasts in Wroclaw, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Ruth Dudek-WicherDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Silesian Piasts in Wroclaw, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Medical University of Silesia · PLWroclaw Medical University · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inefficiency of medical therapies used in order to cure patients with bacterial infections requires not only to actively look for new therapeutic strategies but also to carefully select antibiotics based on variety of parameters, including microbiological. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) defines in vitro levels of susceptibility or resistance of specific bacterial strains to applied antibiotic. Reliable assessment of MIC has a significant impact on the choice of a therapeutic strategy, which affects efficiency of an infection therapy. In order to obtain credible MIC, many elements must be considered, such as proper method choice, adherence to labeling rules, and competent interpretation of the results. In this paper, two methods have been discussed: dilution and gradient used for MIC estimation. Factors which affect MIC results along with the interpretation guidelines have been described. Furthermore, opportunities to utilize MIC in clinical practice, with pharmacokinetic /pharmacodynamic parameters taken into consideration, have been investigated. Due to problems related to PK determination in individual patients, statistical estimation of the possibility of achievement of the PK/PD index, based on the Monte Carlo, was discussed. In order to provide comprehensive insights, the possible limitations of MIC, which scientists are aware of, have been outlined.

Indexed as

antibioticsdilution and gradient methods, interpretation of resultsminimal inhibitory concentrationthe importance of MIC value

Identifiers

PMID33557078
PMCPMC7913839
OpenAlexW3129095230

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.