Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33556960›Full record

ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2021

Dopamine Receptor Antagonists, Radiation, and Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Mouse Models of Glioblastoma.

Kruttika Bhat, Mohammad Saki, Fei Cheng, Ling He, Le Zhang, Angeliki Ioannidis, David Nathanson, Jonathan Tsang, Steven J Bensinger, Phioanh Leia Nghiemphu and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  8. The Mevalonate Pathway in the Radiation Response of Cancer.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Radiation-induced cellular plasticity primes glioblastoma for forskolin-mediated differentiation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Effects of dopamine receptor antagonists and radiation on mouse neural stem/progenitor cells.Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kruttika BhatDepartment of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA , USA.
Mohammad SakiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA , USA.
Fei ChengDepartment of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA , USA.
Ling HeDepartment of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA , USA.
Le ZhangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA , USA.
Angeliki IoannidisDepartment of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA , USA.
David NathansonDepartment of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4919-9159
Jonathan TsangDepartment of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3811-7039
Steven J BensingerDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Phioanh Leia NghiemphuJonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4064-6079
Timothy F CloughesyJonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8656-7483
Linda M LiauJonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4053-0052
Harley I KornblumDepartment of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Frank PajonkDepartment of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA , USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4067-9751
University of California, Los Angeles · USUCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center

Funding

Women's CancersP30CA016042 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Samuel Wheeler French · 1985 to 2026
$134.5M
UCLA SPORE in Brain CancerP50CA211015 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Yvonne Yu-Hsuan Chen · 2017 to 2026
$25.2M
Stem CellsP30HD004612 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI CARPENTER, ELLEN M. · 1985 to 2014
$19.5M
Understanding the Influence of Lipid Homeostasis on T cell FunctionP01HL146358 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI FONG, LOREN GI · 2019 to 2023
$11.7M
UCLA IDDRC: Translational CoreP50HD103557 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SUSAN Y BOOKHEIMER · 2020 to 2026
$9.6M
Radiation-induced vascular reprogramming in glioblastomaR01NS121617 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HARLEY IAN KORNBLUM · 2022 to 2026
$2.3M
Glioblastoma, Glioblastoma Stem Cells and RadiotherapyR01CA200234 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI PAJONK, FRANK · 2016 to 2020
$1.8M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016042NCI NIH HHS P50 CA211015NCI NIH HHS R01 CA200234NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL146358NICHD NIH HHS P30 HD004612NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD103557NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS121617
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGlioblastoma is the deadliest brain tumor in adults, and the standard of care consists of surgery followed by radiation and treatment with temozolomide. Overall survival times for patients suffering from glioblastoma are unacceptably low indicating an unmet need for novel treatment options.

methodsUsing patient-derived HK-157, HK-308, HK-374, and HK-382 glioblastoma lines, the GL261 orthotopic mouse models of glioblastoma, and HK-374 patient-derived orthotopic xenografts, we tested the effect of radiation and the dopamine receptor antagonist quetiapine on glioblastoma self-renewal in vitro and survival in vivo. A possible resistance mechanism was investigated using RNA-sequencing. The blood-brain-barrier-penetrating statin atorvastatin was used to overcome this resistance mechanism. All statistical tests were 2-sided.

resultsTreatment of glioma cells with the dopamine receptor antagonist quetiapine reduced glioma cell self-renewal in vitro, and combined treatment of mice with quetiapine and radiation prolonged the survival of glioma-bearing mice. The combined treatment induced the expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. This rendered GL261 and HK-374 orthotopic tumors vulnerable to simultaneous treatment with atorvastatin and further statistically significantly prolonged the survival of C57BL/6 (n = 10 to 16 mice per group; median survival not reached; log-rank test, P < .001) and NOD Scid gamma mice (n = 8 to 21 mice per group; hazard ratio = 3.96, 95% confidence interval = 0.29 to 12.40; log-rank test, P < .001), respectively.

conclusionsOur results indicate promising therapeutic efficacy with the triple combination of quetiapine, atorvastatin, and radiation treatment against glioblastoma without increasing the toxicity of radiation. With both drugs readily available for clinical use, our study could be rapidly translated into a clinical trial.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaAnimalsCell Line, TumorCholesterolDopamine AntagonistsHumansMiceMice, Inbred C57BLXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysCholesterolDopamine Antagonists

Identifiers

PMID33556960
PMCPMC8328983
OpenAlexW3128055431

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.