ArticleNeurotoxicity research2021
Cellular Trafficking of Glutathione Transferase M2-2 Between U373MG and SHSY-S7 Cells is Mediated by Exosomes.
Article in Neurotoxicity research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The conundrum of alpha-synuclein antibody failures in Parkinson's disease: a narrative review of mechanisms and alternative metabolic hypotheses.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Review
- A Potential Role of Natural Bioactive Compounds Found in Food in the Prevention of Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Review
- Targets to Search for New Pharmacological Treatment in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease According to the Single-Neuron Degeneration Model.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- EV-COMM: A database of interspecies and intercellular interactions mediated by extracellular vesicles.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Glial Cells as Molecular Target for Parkinson's Disease.Cells · 2024Review
- Single-neuron neurodegeneration as a degenerative model for Parkinson's disease.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- A Preclinical Model for Parkinson's Disease Based on Transcriptional Gene Activation via KEAP1/NRF2 to Develop New Antioxidant Therapies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Astrocytes protect dopaminergic neurons against aminochrome neurotoxicity.Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- Neuroprotection against Aminochrome Neurotoxicity: Glutathione Transferase M2-2 and DT-Diaphorase.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The enzyme glutathione transferase M2-2, expressed in human astrocytes, increases its expression in the presence of aminochrome and catalyzes the conjugation of aminochrome, preventing its toxic effects. Secretion of the enzyme glutathione transferase M2-2 from U373MG cells, used as a cellular model for astrocytes, has been reported, and the enzyme is taken up by neuroblastoma SYSH-S7 cells and provide protection against aminochrome. The present study provides evidence that glutathione transferase M2-2 is released in exosomes from U373MG cells, thereby providing a means for intercellular transport of the enzyme. With particular relevance to Parkinson disease and other degenerative conditions, we propose a new mechanism by which astrocytes may protect dopaminergic neurons against the endogenous neurotoxin aminochrome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.