SynthesisJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2021
Ethnic Differences in Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine learning applications in vascular neuroimaging for the diagnosis and prognosis of cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- The Effect of Translation and Cultural Adaptations on Diagnostic Accuracy and Test Performance in Dementia Cognitive Screening Tools: A Systematic Review.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Association of chronic pain and analgesic use with the risks of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Mapping the network structure of dementia and its associated factors among older adults in Singapore: evidence from two national cross-sectional studies.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Draw-Care, a Co-Designed Multilingual Digital Intervention for Family Carers of People Living With Dementia From Ethnically Diverse Communities: User-Testing Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- The incidence of dementia in populations around the globe.Current opinion in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Assessing Functional Cognition in People on Maintenance Hemodialysis Using Performance-Based Testing.Kidney360 · 2026Article
- The Nottingham consensus on dementia risk reduction policy: recommendations from a modified Delphi process.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Data-driven subtypes of mild cognitive impairment and their modifiable determinants: latent profile analysis of the BIOCIS cohort.NPJ dementia · 2026Article
- Association of road traffic noise exposure with dementia or cognitive impairment - A systematic review of longitudinal cohort studies.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Dementia and cognitive decline in Black Brazilians: a narrative review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Solving the 'Goldilocks problem' in dementia clinical trials with multimodal AI.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- Association between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and Alzheimer's disease in large biobank cohorts.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
- A Coach-Supported mHealth Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Dementia Risk in Persons With Low Socioeconomic Status or a Migration Background: Qualitative Co-Design Study.Journal of participatory medicine · 2025Article
- Association of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces With Early Serum and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease Pathology.Neurology · 2025Article
- Minoritised ethnic groups and modifiable dementia risk: a scoping review of UK-based evidence.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2025Article
- Social determinants of dementia: A scoping review.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Use of Angiotensin II Receptor Type 2/4 Stimulatory Vs. Inhibitory Antihypertensive Among Hypertensive Adults in the USA.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlobally around 50 million people have dementia. Risk factors for dementia such as hypertension and diabetes are more common in Black, Asian, and other ethnic minorities. There are also marked ethnic inequalities in care seeking, likelihood of diagnosis, and uptake of treatments for dementia. Nevertheless, ethnic differences in dementia incidence and prevalence remain under-explored.
objectiveTo examine published peer-reviewed observational studies comparing age-specific or age-adjusted incidence or prevalence rates of dementia between at least two ethnic groups.
methodsWe searched seven databases on 1 September 2019 using search terms for ethnicity, dementia, and incidence or prevalence. We included population-based studies comparing incidence or prevalence of dementia after accounting for age of at least two ethnic groups in adults aged 18 or more. Meta-analysis was conducted for eligible ethnic comparisons.
resultsWe included 12 cohort studies and seven cross-sectional studies. Thirteen were from the US, and two studies each from the UK, Singapore, and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China. The pooled risk ratio for dementia incidence obtained from four studies comparing Black and White ethnic groups was 1.33 (95% CI 1.07-1.65; I-squared = 58.0%). The pooled risk ratio for dementia incidence comparing the Asian and White ethnic groups was 0.86 (95% CI 0.728-1.01; I-squared = 43.9%). There was no difference in the incidence of dementia for Latino ethnic group compared to the White ethnic group.
conclusionEvidence to date suggest there are ethnic differences in risk of dementia. Better understanding of the drivers of these differences may inform efforts to prevent or treat dementia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.